HVAC

HashiCorp Vault API client for Python 2/3

Tested against Vault v0.1.2 and HEAD. Requires v0.1.2 or later.

Getting started

Installation

pip install hvac

or

pip install "hvac[parser]"

if you would like to be able to return parsed HCL data as a Python dict for methods that support it.

Initialize the client

import os

import hvac

# Using plaintext
client = hvac.Client()
client = hvac.Client(url='http://localhost:8200')
client = hvac.Client(url='http://localhost:8200', token=os.environ['VAULT_TOKEN'])

# Using TLS
client = hvac.Client(url='https://localhost:8200')

# Using TLS with client-side certificate authentication
client = hvac.Client(url='https://localhost:8200',
                     cert=('path/to/cert.pem', 'path/to/key.pem'))

Read and write to secret backends

client.write('secret/foo', baz='bar', lease='1h')

print(client.read('secret/foo'))

client.delete('secret/foo')

Authenticate to different auth backends

# Token
client.token = 'MY_TOKEN'
assert client.is_authenticated() # => True

# App ID
client.auth_app_id('MY_APP_ID', 'MY_USER_ID')

# App Role
client.auth_approle('MY_ROLE_ID', 'MY_SECRET_ID')

# AWS (IAM)
client.auth_aws_iam('MY_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID', 'MY_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY')
client.auth_aws_iam('MY_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID', 'MY_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY', 'MY_AWS_SESSION_TOKEN')
client.auth_aws_iam('MY_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID', 'MY_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY', role='MY_ROLE')

import boto3
session = boto3.Session()
credentials = session.get_credentials()
client.auth_aws_iam(credentials.access_key, credentials.secret_key, credentials.token)

# GitHub
client.auth_github('MY_GITHUB_TOKEN')

# GCP (from GCE instance)
import requests

VAULT_ADDR="https://vault.example.com:8200"
ROLE="example"
AUDIENCE_URL =  VAULT_ADDR + "/vault/" + ROLE
METADATA_HEADERS = {'Metadata-Flavor': 'Google'}
FORMAT = 'full'

url = 'http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/identity?audience={}&format={}'.format(AUDIENCE_URL, FORMAT)
r = requests.get(url, headers=METADATA_HEADERS)
client.auth_gcp(ROLE, r.text)

# LDAP, Username & Password
client.auth_ldap('MY_USERNAME', 'MY_PASSWORD')
client.auth_userpass('MY_USERNAME', 'MY_PASSWORD')

# TLS
client = Client(cert=('path/to/cert.pem', 'path/to/key.pem'))
client.auth_tls()

# Non-default mount point (available on all auth types)
client.auth_userpass('MY_USERNAME', 'MY_PASSWORD', mount_point='CUSTOM_MOUNT_POINT')

# Authenticating without changing to new token (available on all auth types)
result = client.auth_github('MY_GITHUB_TOKEN', use_token=False)
print(result['auth']['client_token']) # => u'NEW_TOKEN'

# Custom or unsupported auth type
params = {
    'username': 'MY_USERNAME',
    'password': 'MY_PASSWORD',
    'custom_param': 'MY_CUSTOM_PARAM',
}

result = client.auth('/v1/auth/CUSTOM_AUTH/login', json=params)

# Logout
client.logout()

Manage tokens

token = client.create_token(policies=['root'], lease='1h')

current_token = client.lookup_token()
some_other_token = client.lookup_token('xxx')

client.revoke_token('xxx')
client.revoke_token('yyy', orphan=True)

client.revoke_token_prefix('zzz')

client.renew_token('aaa')

Managing tokens using accessors

token = client.create_token(policies=['root'], lease='1h')
token_accessor = token['auth']['accessor']

same_token = client.lookup_token(token_accessor, accessor=True)
client.revoke_token(token_accessor, accessor=True)

Wrapping/unwrapping a token

wrap = client.create_token(policies=['root'], lease='1h', wrap_ttl='1m')
result = self.client.unwrap(wrap['wrap_info']['token'])

Manipulate auth backends

backends = client.list_auth_backends()

client.enable_auth_backend('userpass', mount_point='customuserpass')
client.disable_auth_backend('github')

Manipulate secret backends

backends = client.list_secret_backends()

client.enable_secret_backend('aws', mount_point='aws-us-east-1')
client.disable_secret_backend('mysql')

client.tune_secret_backend('generic', mount_point='test', default_lease_ttl='3600s', max_lease_ttl='8600s')
client.get_secret_backend_tuning('generic', mount_point='test')

client.remount_secret_backend('aws-us-east-1', 'aws-east')

Manipulate policies

policies = client.list_policies() # => ['root']

policy = """
path "sys" {
  policy = "deny"
}

path "secret" {
  policy = "write"
}

path "secret/foo" {
  policy = "read"
}
"""

client.set_policy('myapp', policy)

client.delete_policy('oldthing')

policy = client.get_policy('mypolicy')

# Requires pyhcl to automatically parse HCL into a Python dictionary
policy = client.get_policy('mypolicy', parse=True)

Manipulate audit backends

backends = client.list_audit_backends()

options = {
    'path': '/tmp/vault.log',
    'log_raw': True,
}

client.enable_audit_backend('file', options=options, name='somefile')
client.disable_audit_backend('oldfile')

Initialize and seal/unseal

print(client.is_initialized()) # => False

shares = 5
threshold = 3

result = client.initialize(shares, threshold)

root_token = result['root_token']
keys = result['keys']

print(client.is_initialized()) # => True

print(client.is_sealed()) # => True

# unseal with individual keys
client.unseal(keys[0])
client.unseal(keys[1])
client.unseal(keys[2])

# unseal with multiple keys until threshold met
client.unseal_multi(keys)

print(client.is_sealed()) # => False

client.seal()

print(client.is_sealed()) # => True

Testing

Integration tests will automatically start a Vault server in the background. Just make sure the latest vault binary is available in your PATH.

1. Install Vault or execute VAULT_BRANCH=release scripts/install-vault-release.sh
2. Install Tox
3. Run tests: make test

Contributing

Feel free to open pull requests with additional features or improvements!