R support for Visual Studio Code

Requires R.

We recommend using this extension with radian, an alternative R console with multiline editing and rich syntax highlighting.

Usage

Full document is on the Wiki page

• For Windows, if r.rterm.windows is empty, then the path to R.exe will be searched in Windows registry. If your R is not installed with path written in registry or if you need a specific R executable path, set it to a path like "C:\\Program Files\\R\\R-3.3.4\\bin\\x64\\R.exe".
• For Radian console, enable config r.bracketedPaste
• Open your folder that has R source file (Can't work if you open only file)
• Use F1 key and R: command or Ctrl+Enter (Mac: ⌘+Enter)

Features

• Run Source(Ctrl+Shift+S or Push icon) and Run Selected Line (Ctrl+Enter) (Mac: Ctrl to ⌘)
• Run functions:
  • nrow (Show number of rows for selected object)
  • length (Show length for a selected object)
  • head (Show first part of a selected object)
  • thead (Show first part of a selected object (transposed))
  • names (Show names for a selected object)

• R Integrated Terminal

• Run all commands in terminal containing existing R session (enable config r.alwaysUseActiveTerminal)

• Extended Syntax(R, R Markdown, R Documentation)

• Create .gitignore based R.gitignore

• Data frame viewer and Environment viewer(Preview Data frame or Preview Environment)

• Snippets

• Package development short cut (Load All, Test Package, Install Package, Build Package and Document)

• Bind keys to custom R commands using command runner functions (r.runCommand, r.runCommandWithEditorPath, r.runCommandWithSelectionOrWord)

• RStudio Addins - a subset of the {rstudiopi} is supported (detail is here)

Requirements

• R base from https://www.r-project.org/

Extension Settings

This extension contributes the following settings:

• r.rterm.windows: set to R.exe path for Windows

• r.rterm.mac: set to R term's path for Mac OS X

• r.rterm.linux: set to R term's path for Linux

• r.rpath.lsp: set to R.exe path for Language Server Protocol

• r.rterm.option: R command line options (i.e: --vanilla)

• r.source.encoding: An optional encoding to pass to R when executing the file

• r.source.focus: Keeping focus when running (editor or terminal)

• r.alwaysUseActiveTerminal: Use active terminal for all commands, rather than creating a new R terminal

• r.bracketedPaste: For consoles supporting bracketed paste mode (such as Radian)

• r.sessionWatcher: Enable R session watcher (experimental)

• r.rtermSendDelay: Delay in milliseconds before sending each line to rterm (only applies if r.bracketedPaste is false)

• Language server(developing here)

R Session Watcher (Experimental)

This experimental feature is still under development and the behavior may change without notice. Please file an issue here if you experience problems or have any suggestions.

An opt-in experimental R session watcher is implemented to support the following features:

• Watch any R session
• Show value of session symbols on hover
• Provide completion for session symbols
• View() any objects including data frames and list objects
• Show plot output on update and plot history
• Show htmlwidgets, documentation and shiny apps in WebView
• Execute RStudio addins

Basic usage

To enable this feature, turn on r.sessionWatcher in VSCode settings, reload or restart VSCode, and the session watcher will be activated automatically on R sessions launched by vscode-R via R: Create R Terminal command.

If you previously appended the source(...) line to ~/.Rprofile, you may safely remove it since the configuration for basic usage is automated. It is now only necessary for advanced usage described below.

Advanced usage (for self-managed R sessions)

For advanced users to work with self-managed R sessions (e.g. manually launched R terminal or started in tmux or screen window), some extra configuration is needed. Follow the steps below to make R session watcher work with any external R session:

1. Turn on r.sessionWatcher in VSCode settings.

2. Edit .Rprofile in your home directory by running the following code in R:

   file.edit("~/.Rprofile")

3. Append the following code to the file:

   source(file.path(Sys.getenv(if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") "USERPROFILE" else "HOME"), ".vscode-R", "init.R"))

4. Restart or Reload Window in VSCode

If the workspace folder you open in VSCode already has a .Rprofile, you need to append the code above in this file too because ~/.Rprofile will not be executed when a local .Rprofile is found.

The script only works with environment variable TERM_PROGRAM=vscode. the script will not take effect with R sessions started in a tmux or screen window that does not have it, unless this environment variable is manually set before sourcing init.R, for example, you may insert a line Sys.setenv(TERM_PROGRAM="vscode") before it.

Available functions and options

When the session watcher is initialized on session startup, a local environment named tools:vscode is attached and the following functions are made available for user to interoperate with VSCode:

# Attach vscode-R with same workspace folder to current session.
.vsc.attach()

# A customizable View() where title and viewer can be specified.
.vsc.view(x, title, viewer)

# Browse an URL in a WebView (used by e.g. shiny apps, R html help).
.vsc.browser(url, title, ..., viewer)

# Show viewer from a HTML file or htmlwidget object (used by most htmlwidgets).
.vsc.viewer(url, title, ..., viewer)

# Show page viewer from a HTML file or htmlwidget object (used by e.g. profvis).
.vsc.page_viewer(url, title, ..., viewer)

All WebView-related functions have a viewer argument which could be one of the values defined in vscode-api#ViewColumn, .e.g. "Active" (current editor), "Two" (editor group 2), or "Beside" (always show besides the current editor).

The following options are available for user to customize the session watcher functionality and behavior:

# Watch global environemnt symbols to provide hover on and completion after session symbol.
# Only specify in .Rprofile since it only takes effect on session startup.
options(vsc.globalenv = TRUE | FALSE)

# Which view column to show the plot file on graphics update
# Use FALSE to diable plot watcher so that the default R plot device is used.
# Only specify in .Rprofile since it only takes effect on session startup.
options(vsc.plot = "Two" | "Active" | "Beside" | FALSE)

# The arguments for the png device to replay user graphics to show in VSCode.
# Ignored if options(vsc.plot = FALSE).
options(vsc.dev.args = NULL | list(width = 800, height = 600))

# Which view column to show the WebView triggered by browser (e.g. shiny apps)?
# Use FALSE to open in external web browser.
options(vsc.browser = "Active" | "Beside" | "Two" | FALSE)

# Which view column to show the WebView triggered by viewer (e.g. htmlwidgets)?
# Use FALSE to open in external web browser.
options(vsc.viewer = "Two" | "Active" | "Beside" | FALSE)

# Which view column to show the WebView triggered by page_viewer (e.g. profvis)?
# Use FALSE to open in external web browser.
options(vsc.page_viewer = "Active" | "Beside" | "Two" | FALSE)

# Which view column to show the WebView triggered by View()?
# Use FALSE for R's native View(), which should be specified in .Rprofile
#   since it only takes effect on session startup.
options(vsc.view = "Two" | "Active" | "Beside" | FALSE)

# Which view column to show the WebView triggered by help panel
# (e.g. after sending `?mean` to terminal)?
# Use FALSE to disable help panel and revert to old behaviour.
options(vsc.helpPanel = "Two" | "Active" | "Beside" | FALSE)

The first values are the default and all subsequent values after | are available choices. The "Two" | "Active" | "Beside" are popular values from ViewColumn to specify which view column should the corresponding tab appears in VSCode.

RStudio addin support

The session watcher allows RStudio addins to be executed via an {rstudioapi} emulation layer.

To enable this feature, set options(vsc.rstudioapi = TRUE) in your .Rprofile.

The extension provides the command r.launchAddinPicker which opens a filterable list of installed addins that can be launched. Bind this to a key, or access it from the command palette as R: Launch RStudio Addin.

Alternatively, individual addin functions can be bound to keys using r.runRCommand as described in Creating keybindings for R commands below.

See the wiki for lists of supported {rstudioapi} commands, and verified compatible addin packages.

How to disable it

For the case of basic usage, turning off r.sessionWatcher in VSCode settings is sufficient to disable R session watcher.

For the case of advanced usage, user should, in addition, comment out or remove the source(...) line appended to ~/.Rprofile.

How it works

• When vscode-R is activated with session watcher enabled, it deploys the initialization script to ~/.vscode-R/init.R.
• vscode-R watches ~/.vscode-R/request.log for requests from user R sessions.
• When a new R session is created, it sources init.R to initialize the session watcher and writes attach request to ~/.vscode-R/request.log.
• vscode-R reads the attach request and knows the working directory and session temp directory ({tempDir}) of the attaching session.
• vscode-R watches {tempDir}/vscode-R/globalenv.json for global environment info and {tempDir}/vscode-R/plot.png for plot graphics.
• In the R session, the global environment info will be updated on each evaluation of top-level expression.
• When user creates or updates a plot, the {tempDir}/vscode-R/plot.png is updated, and vscode-R will open the plot file.
• When user calls View() with a data frame, list, environment, or any other object, the request is written to ~/.vscode-R/request.log and vscode-R will open a WebView to show the data or open a text document to show the content of the object.
• When user calls the viewer (e.g. htmlwidget, provis) or browser (e.g. shiny app, HTML help documentation), the request is written to ~/.vscode-R/request.log and vscode-R will open a WebView to present the viewer content.

R sessions started from the workspace root folder or a subfolder will be automatically attached. The session watcher is designed to work in a wide range of scenarios:

• Official R terminal or radian console
• R session started by vscode-R or user
• R session in a tmux or screen window
• Multiple R sessions in VSCode terminal
• Multiple R sessions in tmux windows or panes.
• Multi-root workspace in VSCode
• Switch between multiple running R sessions
• Remote Development via SSH, WSL and Docker

The status bar item shows the process id of the attached R session. Click the status bar item and it will attach to currently active session.

The R terminal used in the screenshot is radian which is cross-platform and supports syntax highlighting, auto-completion and many other features.

Creating keybindings for R commands

There are 3 ways you can use extension functions to create keybindings that run R commands in the terminal:

1. r.runCommand to make a keybinding to run any R expression.
2. r.runCommandWithEditorPath to create a keybinding for an R expression where the placeholder value $$ is interpolated with the current file path.
3. runCommandWithSelectionOrWord to create a keybinding for an R expression where $$ is interpolated with the current selection or the current word the cursor is on.

Here are some example entries from keybindings.json:

[
    {
        "description": "run drake::r_make()",
        "key": "ctrl+;",
        "command": "r.runCommand",
        "when": "editorTextFocus",
        "args": "drake::r_make()"
    },
    {
        "description": "load drake target at cursor",
        "key": "ctrl+shift+;",
        "command": "r.runCommandWithSelectionOrWord",
        "when": "editorTextFocus",
        "args": "drake::loadd($$)"
    },
    {
        "description": "knit to html",
        "key": "ctrl+i",
        "command": "r.runCommandWithEditorPath",
        "when": "editorTextFocus",
        "args": "rmarkdown::render(\"$$\", output_format = rmarkdown::html_document(), output_dir = \".\", clean = TRUE)"
    }
]

TODO

• Debug

CONTRIBUTING

• Please see CONTRIBUTING.md

This extension based on

• r.tmbundle
• markdown-redcarpet.tmbundle
• Markdown extension in VS Code
• R.gitignore
• language-r
• R box

Collaborators

I hope you will join us.

• @andycraig
• @Ladvien
• @renkun-ken
• @MilesMcBain

FAQ

• Q: I can't use command and message is xxx no command found.

• A: Please open your folder that has R source file

• Q: About code formatter, completion, definition...

• A: Please visit to the language server issues

Other past questions can be found from StackOverflow or issues

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