Implement end-to-end logging with levels and context

[kasunben]

Description:
Introduce a structured logging system across the application to improve debugging, monitoring, and maintainability. Logs should support levels (info, warn, error, debug) and include contextual metadata (request ID, user ID, board ID, etc.).

Acceptance Criteria:

• Add a centralized logging utility accessible throughout backend and server code.
• Support log levels: debug, info, warn, error.
• Include contextual information (timestamps, request IDs, user/board identifiers where applicable).
• Ensure logs are written consistently (console/file now, extensible to external log services later).
• Provide a configuration option to control log verbosity by environment (dev, test, prod).

Notes:
This will standardize how logs are captured and improve the ability to trace issues across requests and features.