This requires a new library dependency: PCSC.
The PCSC library provides methods to access smartcards. On Linux, the third-party pcsc-lite package is used. On Windows, the native Windows API (Winscard.dll) is used. On Mac OSX, the native OSX API (framework-PCSC) is used.

* Split hardware key access into multiple classes to handle different methods of communicating with the keys.

* Since the Yubikey can now be a wireless token as well, the verb "plug in" was replaced with a more
generic "interface with". This shall indicate that the user has to present their token to the reader, or plug it in via USB.

* Add PC/SC interface for YubiKey challenge-response

This new interface uses the PC/SC protocol and API
instead of the USB protocol via ykpers. Many YubiKeys expose their functionality as a CCID device, which can be interfaced with using PC/SC. This is especially useful for NFC-only or NFC-capable Yubikeys, when they are used together with a PC/SC compliant NFC reader device.

Although many (not all) Yubikeys expose their CCID functionality over their own USB connection as well, the HMAC-SHA1 functionality is often locked in this mode, as it requires eg. a touch on the gold button. When accessing the CCID functionality wirelessly via NFC (like this code can do using a reader), then the user interaction is to present the key to the reader.

This implementation has been tested on Linux using pcsc-lite, Windows using the native Winscard.dll library, and Mac OSX using the native PCSC-framework library.

Before, a whitelist of ATR codes (answer to reset, hardware-specific)
was used to scan for compatible (Yubi)Keys.
Now, every connected smartcard is scanned for AIDs (applet identifier),
which are known to implement the HMAC-SHA1 protocol.

This enables the support of currently unknown or unreleased hardware.

The error code datatype differs across OSX, Linux and Windows,
so we align it to int32_t, because we dont care for the actual constant
values at all.

Without this check, keys that have more than one slot
configured show up multiple times instead of listing
multiple slots.