Define FaaS Metric Semantics

Closes open-telemetry#1013

specification/metrics/semantic_conventions/faas-metrics.md

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+# General
+
+The conventions described in this section are FaaS (function as a service) specific. When FaaS operations occur,
+metric events about those operations will be generated and reported to provide insight into the
+operations. By adding FaaS labels to metric events it allows for finely tuned filtering.
+
+**Disclaimer:** These are initial FaaS metric instruments and labels but more may be added in the future.
+
+## Metric Instruments
+
+The following metric instruments MUST be used to describe FaaS operations. They MUST be of the specified
+type and units.
+
+### FaaS Invocations
+
+Below is a table of FaaS invocation metric instruments.
+
+| Name | Instrument | Units | Description |
+|------|------------|----|--|-------------|
+| `faas.invoke_duration` | ValueRecorder | milliseconds | Measures the duration of the invocation |
+| `faas.init_duration` | ValueRecorder | milliseconds | Measures the duration of the function's initialization, such as a cold start |
+| `faas.coldstarts` | Counter | number of cold starts | Number of invocation cold starts. |
+| `faas.errors` | Counter | number of errors | Number of invocation errors. |
+| `faas.executions` | counter | number of invocations | number of successful invocations. |
+| `faas.timeouts` | counter | number of timeouts | number of invocation timeouts. |
+
+## Labels
+
+Below is a table of the labels that SHOULD be included on FaaS metric events.
+
+| Name | Recommended | Notes and examples |
+|------|-------------|--------------------|
+| `faas.trigger` | Yes | Type of the trigger on which the function is invoked. SHOULD be one of: `datasource`, `http`, `pubsub`, `timer`, or `other`. |
+| `faas.invoked_name` | Yes | Name of the invoked function. Example: `my-function`. |
+| `faas.invoked_provider` | Yes | Cloud provider of the invoked function. Corresponds to the resource `cloud.provider`. Example: aws` |
+| `faas.invoked_region` | Yes | Cloud provider region of invoked function. Corresponds to resource `cloud.region`. Example: `us-east-1` |
+
+## References
+
+### Metric Reference
+
+Below are links to documentation regarding metrics that are available with different
+FaaS providers. This list is not exhaustive.
+
+* [AWS Lambda Metrics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/monitoring-metrics.html)
+* [Azure Functions Metrics](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/platform/metrics-supported)
+* [Google CloudFunctions Metrics](https://cloud.google.com/monitoring/api/metrics_gcp#gcp-cloudfunctions)
+* [OpenFaas Metrics](https://docs.openfaas.com/architecture/metrics/)