feat(chapter_hashing): Add js and ts codes for chapter hashing

codes/javascript/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.js

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class ArrayHashMap {
  let arr = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < this.#buckets.length; i++) {
  if (this.#buckets[i]) {
- arr.push(this.#buckets[i]?.key);
+ arr.push(this.#buckets[i].key);
  }
  }
  return arr;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class ArrayHashMap {
  let arr = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < this.#buckets.length; i++) {
  if (this.#buckets[i]) {
- arr.push(this.#buckets[i]?.val);
+ arr.push(this.#buckets[i].val);
  }
  }
  return arr;

codes/javascript/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.js

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/**
+ * File: hash_map_chaining.js
+ * Created Time: 2023-08-06
+ * Author: yuan0221 (yl1452491917@gmail.com)
+ */
+
+/* 键值对 Number -> String */
+class Pair {
+ constructor(key, val) {
+ this.key = key;
+ this.val = val;
+ }
+}
+
+/* 链式地址哈希表 */
+class HashMapChaining {
+ #size; // 键值对数量
+ #capacity; // 哈希表容量
+ #loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
+ #extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
+ #buckets; // 桶数组
+
+ /* 构造方法 */
+ constructor() {
+ this.#size = 0;
+ this.#capacity = 4;
+ this.#loadThres = 2 / 3.0;
+ this.#extendRatio = 2;
+ this.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) => []);
+ }
+
+ /* 哈希函数 */
+ #hashFunc(key) {
+ return key % this.#capacity;
+ }
+
+ /* 负载因子 */
+ #loadFactor() {
+ return this.#size / this.#capacity;
+ }
+
+ /* 查询操作 */
+ get(key) {
+ const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
+ const bucket = this.#buckets[index];
+ // 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val
+ for (const pair of bucket) {
+ if (pair.key === key) {
+ return pair.val;
+ }
+ }
+ // 若未找到 key 则返回 null
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ /* 添加操作 */
+ put(key, val) {
+ // 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容
+ if (this.#loadFactor() > this.#loadThres) {
+ this.#extend();
+ }
+ const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
+ const bucket = this.#buckets[index];
+ // 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回
+ for (const pair of bucket) {
+ if (pair.key === key) {
+ pair.val = val;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ // 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部
+ const pair = new Pair(key, val);
+ bucket.push(pair);
+ this.#size++;
+ }
+
+ /* 删除操作 */
+ remove(key) {
+ const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
+ let bucket = this.#buckets[index];
+ // 遍历桶，从中删除键值对
+ for (let i = 0; i < bucket.length; i++) {
+ if (bucket[i].key === key) {
+ bucket.splice(i, 1);
+ this.size--;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 扩容哈希表 */
+ #extend() {
+ // 暂存原哈希表
+ const bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;
+ // 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
+ this.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;
+ this.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null).map((x) => []);
+ this.#size = 0;
+ // 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
+ for (const bucket of bucketsTmp) {
+ for (const pair of bucket) {
+ this.put(pair.key, pair.val);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 打印哈希表 */
+ print() {
+ for (const bucket of this.#buckets) {
+ let res = [];
+ for (const pair of bucket) {
+ res.push(pair.key + ' -> ' + pair.val);
+ }
+ console.log(res);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Driver Code */
+/* 初始化哈希表 */
+const map = new HashMapChaining();
+
+/* 添加操作 */
+// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+map.put(12836, '小哈');
+map.put(15937, '小啰');
+map.put(16750, '小算');
+map.put(13276, '小法');
+map.put(10583, '小鸭');
+console.log('\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value');
+map.print();
+
+/* 查询操作 */
+// 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+const name = map.get(13276);
+console.log('\n输入学号 13276 ，查询到姓名 ' + name);
+
+/* 删除操作 */
+// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+map.remove(12836);
+console.log('\n删除 12836 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value');
+map.print();

codes/javascript/chapter_hashing/hash_map_open_addressing.js

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/**
+ * File: hash_map_open_addressing.js
+ * Created Time: 2023-08-06
+ * Author: yuan0221 (yl1452491917@gmail.com)
+ */
+
+/* 键值对 Number -> String */
+class Pair {
+ constructor(key, val) {
+ this.key = key;
+ this.val = val;
+ }
+}
+
+/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
+class HashMapOpenAddressing {
+ #size; // 键值对数量
+ #capacity; // 哈希表容量
+ #loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
+ #extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
+ #buckets; // 桶数组
+ #removed; // 删除标记
+
+ /* 构造方法 */
+ constructor() {
+ this.#size = 0;
+ this.#capacity = 4;
+ this.#loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
+ this.#extendRatio = 2;
+ this.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);
+ this.#removed = new Pair(-1, '-1');
+ }
+
+ /* 哈希函数 */
+ #hashFunc(key) {
+ return key % this.#capacity;
+ }
+
+ /* 负载因子 */
+ #loadFactor() {
+ return this.#size / this.#capacity;
+ }
+
+ /* 查询操作 */
+ get(key) {
+ const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
+ // 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历
+ for (let i = 0; i < this.#capacity; i++) {
+ // 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部
+ const j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;
+ // 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null
+ if (this.#buckets[j] === null) return null;
+ // 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val
+ if (
+ this.#buckets[j].key === key &&
+ this.#buckets[j][key] !== this.#removed.key
+ )
+ return this.#buckets[j].val;
+ }
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ /* 添加操作 */
+ put(key, val) {
+ // 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容
+ if (this.#loadFactor() > this.#loadThres) {
+ this.#extend();
+ }
+ const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
+ // 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历
+ for (let i = 0; i < this.#capacity; i++) {
+ // 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部
+ let j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;
+ // 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶
+ if (
+ this.#buckets[j] === null ||
+ this.#buckets[j][key] === this.#removed.key
+ ) {
+ this.#buckets[j] = new Pair(key, val);
+ this.#size += 1;
+ return;
+ }
+ // 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val
+ if (this.#buckets[j].key === key) {
+ this.#buckets[j].val = val;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 删除操作 */
+ remove(key) {
+ const index = this.#hashFunc(key);
+ // 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历
+ for (let i = 0; i < this.#capacity; i++) {
+ // 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部
+ const j = (index + i) % this.#capacity;
+ // 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回
+ if (this.#buckets[j] === null) {
+ return;
+ }
+ // 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回
+ if (this.#buckets[j].key === key) {
+ this.#buckets[j] = this.#removed;
+ this.#size -= 1;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 扩容哈希表 */
+ #extend() {
+ // 暂存原哈希表
+ const bucketsTmp = this.#buckets;
+ // 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
+ this.#capacity *= this.#extendRatio;
+ this.#buckets = new Array(this.#capacity).fill(null);
+ this.#size = 0;
+ // 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
+ for (const pair of bucketsTmp) {
+ if (pair !== null && pair.key !== this.#removed.key) {
+ this.put(pair.key, pair.val);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 打印哈希表 */
+ print() {
+ for (const pair of this.#buckets) {
+ if (pair !== null) {
+ console.log(pair.key + ' -> ' + pair.val);
+ } else {
+ console.log('null');
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Driver Code */
+/* 初始化哈希表 */
+let map = new HashMapOpenAddressing();
+
+/* 添加操作 */
+// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+map.put(12836, '小哈');
+map.put(15937, '小啰');
+map.put(16750, '小算');
+map.put(13276, '小法');
+map.put(10583, '小鸭');
+console.log('\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value');
+map.print();
+
+/* 查询操作 */
+// 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+const name = map.get(13276);
+console.log('\n输入学号 13276 ，查询到姓名 ' + name);
+
+/* 删除操作 */
+// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+map.remove(16750);
+console.log('\n删除 16750 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value');
+map.print();

codes/javascript/chapter_hashing/simple_hash.js

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/**
+ * File: simple_hash.js
+ * Created Time: 2023-08-06
+ * Author: yuan0221 (yl1452491917@gmail.com)
+ */
+
+/* 加法哈希 */
+function addHash(key) {
+ let hash = 0;
+ const MODULUS = 1000000007;
+ for (const c of key) {
+ hash = (hash + c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;
+ }
+ return hash;
+}
+
+/* 乘法哈希 */
+function mulHash(key) {
+ let hash = 0;
+ const MODULUS = 1000000007;
+ for (const c of key) {
+ hash = (31 * hash + c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;
+ }
+ return hash;
+}
+
+/* 异或哈希 */
+function xorHash(key) {
+ let hash = 0;
+ const MODULUS = 1000000007;
+ for (const c of key) {
+ hash ^= c.charCodeAt(0);
+ }
+ return hash & MODULUS;
+}
+
+/* 旋转哈希 */
+function rotHash(key) {
+ let hash = 0;
+ const MODULUS = 1000000007;
+ for (const c of key) {
+ hash = ((hash << 4) ^ (hash >> 28) ^ c.charCodeAt(0)) % MODULUS;
+ }
+ return hash;
+}
+
+/* Driver Code */
+const key = 'Hello 算法';
+
+let hash = addHash(key);
+console.log('加法哈希值为 ' + hash);
+
+hash = mulHash(key);
+console.log('乘法哈希值为 ' + hash);
+
+hash = xorHash(key);
+console.log('异或哈希值为 ' + hash);
+
+hash = rotHash(key);
+console.log('旋转哈希值为 ' + hash);