Add HintProcessor::execute_hint_extensive + refactor hint_ranges

[fmoletta]

This PR proposes a solution to the hint-relates problems faced when running the starknet os:

• Hints can be associated to pc's that are not in the segment 0
• Hints can load more hints during their execution

The proposed solution for each problem is:

• Use a HashMap indexed by a Relocatable pc value for hint ranges
• Extend the HintProcessor api with an execute_hint_extensive method which can return a map of extra hints to be loaded after the hint is executed. This new method comes with a default implementation that just calls execute_hint so that this change may not affect current implementors of the trait

Tests added for this new behaviour in #1494

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 5 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (7c1cfd9) 96.82% compared to head (480601c) 96.81%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
vm/src/vm/vm_core.rs	90.90%	4 Missing ⚠️
vm/src/types/program.rs	94.11%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1491      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   96.82%   96.81%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          96       96              
  Lines       39567    39574       +7     
==========================================
+ Hits        38311    38315       +4     
- Misses       1256     1259       +3     

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[github-actions]

Benchmark Results for unmodified programs 🚀

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base big_factorial	2.633 ± 0.018	2.605	2.661	1.00
head big_factorial	2.648 ± 0.036	2.598	2.726	1.01 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base big_fibonacci	2.249 ± 0.042	2.219	2.365	1.02 ± 0.02
head big_fibonacci	2.209 ± 0.017	2.186	2.241	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base blake2s_integration_benchmark	6.212 ± 0.039	6.134	6.253	1.00
head blake2s_integration_benchmark	7.569 ± 0.063	7.503	7.704	1.22 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base compare_arrays_200000	2.330 ± 0.023	2.313	2.394	1.00
head compare_arrays_200000	2.611 ± 0.015	2.597	2.642	1.12 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base dict_integration_benchmark	1.612 ± 0.007	1.600	1.620	1.00
head dict_integration_benchmark	1.761 ± 0.015	1.735	1.780	1.09 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base field_arithmetic_get_square_benchmark	1.086 ± 0.008	1.079	1.103	1.00
head field_arithmetic_get_square_benchmark	1.265 ± 0.034	1.245	1.354	1.16 ± 0.03

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base integration_builtins	6.271 ± 0.057	6.180	6.358	1.01 ± 0.03
head integration_builtins	6.209 ± 0.153	6.126	6.572	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base keccak_integration_benchmark	6.280 ± 0.040	6.227	6.338	1.00
head keccak_integration_benchmark	7.641 ± 0.061	7.555	7.713	1.22 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base linear_search	2.373 ± 0.017	2.348	2.395	1.00
head linear_search	2.666 ± 0.036	2.631	2.759	1.12 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base math_cmp_and_pow_integration_benchmark	1.625 ± 0.010	1.611	1.643	1.00
head math_cmp_and_pow_integration_benchmark	1.772 ± 0.030	1.747	1.850	1.09 ± 0.02

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base math_integration_benchmark	1.540 ± 0.038	1.505	1.643	1.00
head math_integration_benchmark	1.668 ± 0.020	1.653	1.722	1.08 ± 0.03

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base memory_integration_benchmark	1.339 ± 0.008	1.328	1.352	1.00
head memory_integration_benchmark	1.491 ± 0.032	1.467	1.580	1.11 ± 0.03

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base operations_with_data_structures_benchmarks	1.464 ± 0.009	1.452	1.478	1.00
head operations_with_data_structures_benchmarks	1.611 ± 0.009	1.602	1.632	1.10 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
base pedersen	592.7 ± 2.1	590.3	597.0	1.01 ± 0.01
head pedersen	589.5 ± 3.0	585.6	595.5	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base poseidon_integration_benchmark	1.165 ± 0.006	1.158	1.177	1.00
head poseidon_integration_benchmark	1.201 ± 0.006	1.191	1.210	1.03 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base secp_integration_benchmark	2.035 ± 0.014	2.020	2.070	1.00
head secp_integration_benchmark	2.175 ± 0.008	2.163	2.193	1.07 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base set_integration_benchmark	1.155 ± 0.014	1.141	1.193	1.00
head set_integration_benchmark	1.179 ± 0.004	1.173	1.185	1.02 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base uint256_integration_benchmark	3.960 ± 0.024	3.930	4.008	1.00
head uint256_integration_benchmark	4.690 ± 0.227	4.586	5.333	1.18 ± 0.06