feat: make it possible to build lance without protoc (except on Windows)

[westonpace]

Inspired by substrait-io/substrait-validator#356 this PR adds a protoc feature to lance. If the feature is specified then we will use protobuf-src to build a vendored copy of protoc.

This increases build times slightly (need to compile protoc as part of the build) but removes the need for an external copy of protoc.

At the moment it is not possible to build both the protoc and substrait features because datafusion-substrait does not yet have its own protoc feature (but it will hopefully have one added soon).

[wjones127]

🤦

[westonpace]

I thought the change was pushing us into "too long to build" but it looks like we were already riding that line. Turns out we were building the tests twice I think on stable builds so I disabled the second build.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 78.44%. Comparing base (397edeb) to head (8a64711).
Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3363      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   78.63%   78.44%   -0.20%     
==========================================
  Files         250      250              
  Lines       89836    90067     +231     
  Branches    89836    90067     +231     
==========================================
+ Hits        70646    70650       +4     
- Misses      16281    16496     +215     
- Partials     2909     2921      +12     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	78.44% <ø> (-0.20%)	⬇️

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[westonpace]

I want to run CI without the protoc feature (since we are already having issues with long build times). Regrettably there is no way to say "all features except this one" (related: rust-lang/cargo#11467) so the command is a little ugly but it seems to work.