Windows evaluation VMs under KVM/QEMU

Automates the process of getting the modern.ie images and converting them for usage with KVM. There are 3 scripts:

fetch.sh (url)

Given a URL to a VM .zip file, uncompress and convert into a QCOW2 file for use with QEMU, which will be waiting for you in the current directory.

start.sh (QCOW image)

Fetch virtio.iso if not already there, and start the image with reasonable options

Prerequisites

wget & QEMU must be installed.

Debian / apt-based distributions:

apt install wget unzip qemu-system-x86 qemu-system-gui qemu-utils ovmf

Visit the Microsoft web-pages first and inspect the EULAs you are implicitly accepting:

• https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/virtual-machines/
• https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/evaluate-windows-10-enterprise
• https://www.microsoft.com/evalcenter/evaluate-windows-11-enterprise

Preparing a VM image

1. Run fetch.sh 'https://aka.ms/windev_VM_virtualbox' and wait. You can break out of the download and resume it at a later point if necessary.

2. Run start.sh (name of image). Or omit the name if you want to run the most recent QCOW2 file. Use start.sh -h to see available options.

3. Install virtIO drivers (if you did not specify --no-virtio):

   1. Go to "Settings" -> "Device Manager"
   2. For each unknown device, as well as for the display adapter, right-click and select "Update driver"
   3. Select "Browse my computer for the driver software"
   4. Select the CD drive (D: virtio-win-x.x), Windows will work out which driver within to install

4. Disable Windows Defender AV:

   1. Settings -> "Windows Defender Settings" -> "Virus & threat protection"
   2. Untick all the sliders
   3. Start menu -> type in "gpedit.msc"
   4. "Computer Configuration" -> "Administrative Templates" -> "Windows Components" -> "Microsoft Defender Antivirus" (or "Windows Defender Antivirus")
   5. "Turn off Windows Defender Antivirus" policy
   6. "Enable" and OK

5. Miscallaneous:

   1. Set screen resolution
   2. Set home page to http://10.0.2.2:8000 (your laptop's port 8000)

6. Shut down windows, note qemu is still running.

7. At the QEMU monitor console (in the terminal you ran ./start.sh from), run commit ide0-hd0 to write changes back to the QCOW2 file.

8. Quit QEMU with quit at the console

9. Delete the workdir-* once you're happy everything worked.

Running a VM image

Run ./start.sh (name of .qcow2 file). By default any changes to the VM will be written to a temporary file, so the machine will always start up in the same state. Use commit virtio0 if you wish to update the QCOW2 image.

Once you have prepared your VM image, including installing the VirtIO SCSI controller, add --disk-virtio to the start.sh arguments in order to use it.

For better performance, you may want to customise the number of CPUs (default: 1) and amount of memory (default 4GB) granted to the VM. This can be done as follows, for example:

EXTRA_ARGS='-smp cpus=4' ./start.sh --disk-virtio --ram 2GB "MSEdge - Win10.qcow2"

If you want to have a VM that's customised for your project somehow, you could just copy the .qcow2, however that's a lot of diskspace. Instead you can create a new image that's based on the contents of another file, for example:

qemu-img create -f qcow2 -F qcow2 -b WinDev2308Eval.qcow2 MyProject.IE9.Win7.qcow2

Passing through laptop's touchscreen

My laptop has a multitouch touchscreen:

# lsusb -d 1fd2:6007 Bus 001 Device 006: ID 1fd2:6007 Melfas LGDisplay Incell Touch

If I temporarily grant read-write to the usb device:

# ls -l /dev/bus/usb/001/006 crw-rw-r-- 1 root root 189, 5 Apr 21 10:31 /dev/bus/usb/001/006 # chmod a+rw /dev/bus/usb/001/006

...then QEMU can claim it and I can use it directly under QEMU, testing pinch-zoom effects:

EXTRA_ARGS="-device usb-host,vendorid=0x1fd2,productid=0x6007" ./start.sh . . .