feat: add recursion guard

docs/examples/library_factories/sqlalchemy_factory/test_example_4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+from typing import List
+
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, Session, mapped_column, relationship
+
+from polyfactory.factories.sqlalchemy_factory import SQLAlchemyFactory, T
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    ...
+
+
+class Author(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "authors"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str]
+
+    books: Mapped[List["Book"]] = relationship(
+        "Book",
+        uselist=True,
+        back_populates="author",
+    )
+
+
+class Book(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "books"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    author_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey(Author.id), nullable=False)
+    author: Mapped[Author] = relationship(
+        "Author",
+        uselist=False,
+        back_populates="books",
+    )
+
+
+class BaseFactory(SQLAlchemyFactory[T]):
+    __is_base_factory__ = True
+    __set_relationships__ = True
+    __randomize_collection_length__ = True
+    __min_collection_length__ = 3
+
+
+def test_custom_sqla_factory() -> None:
+    engine = create_engine("sqlite:///:memory:")
+    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+    session = Session(engine)
+
+    BaseFactory.__session__ = session  # Or using a callable that returns a session
+
+    author = BaseFactory.create_factory(Author).create_sync()
+    assert author.id is not None
+    assert author.id == author.books[0].author_id
+
+    book = BaseFactory.create_factory(Book).create_sync()
+    assert book.id is not None
+    assert book.author.books == [book]
+
+    BaseFactory._base_factories.remove(BaseFactory)  # noqa: SLF001

docs/usage/library_factories/sqlalchemy_factory.rst

@@ -37,6 +37,16 @@ By default, this will add generated models to the session and then commit. This
 Similarly for ``__async_session__`` and ``create_async``.
 
 
+Adding global overrides
+------------------------------
+
+By combining the above and using other settings, a global base factory can be set up for other factories.
+
+.. literalinclude:: /examples/library_factories/sqlalchemy_factory/test_example_4.py
+    :caption: Using persistence
+    :language: python
+
+
 API reference
 ------------------------------
 Full API docs are available :class:`here <polyfactory.factories.sqlalchemy_factory.SQLAlchemyFactory>`.

polyfactory/factories/attrs_factory.py

@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ def resolve_types(cls, model: type[T], **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         :param kwargs: Any parameters that need to be passed to `attrs.resolve_types`.
         """
 
-        attrs.resolve_types(model, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[type-var]
+        attrs.resolve_types(model, **kwargs)

polyfactory/factories/base.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import copy
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections import Counter, abc, deque
 from contextlib import suppress
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@
     Mapping,
     Sequence,
     Type,
+    TypedDict,
     TypeVar,
     cast,
 )
@@ -63,14 +65,7 @@
     unwrap_optional,
 )
 from polyfactory.utils.model_coverage import CoverageContainer, CoverageContainerCallable, resolve_kwargs_coverage
-from polyfactory.utils.predicates import (
-    get_type_origin,
-    is_any,
-    is_literal,
-    is_optional,
-    is_safe_subclass,
-    is_union,
-)
+from polyfactory.utils.predicates import get_type_origin, is_any, is_literal, is_optional, is_safe_subclass, is_union
 from polyfactory.value_generators.complex_types import handle_collection_type, handle_collection_type_coverage
 from polyfactory.value_generators.constrained_collections import (
     handle_constrained_collection,
@@ -86,11 +81,7 @@
 from polyfactory.value_generators.constrained_strings import handle_constrained_string_or_bytes
 from polyfactory.value_generators.constrained_url import handle_constrained_url
 from polyfactory.value_generators.constrained_uuid import handle_constrained_uuid
-from polyfactory.value_generators.primitives import (
-    create_random_boolean,
-    create_random_bytes,
-    create_random_string,
-)
+from polyfactory.value_generators.primitives import create_random_boolean, create_random_bytes, create_random_string
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from typing_extensions import TypeGuard
@@ -103,6 +94,17 @@
 F = TypeVar("F", bound="BaseFactory[Any]")
 
 
+class BuildContext(TypedDict):
+    seen_models: set[type]
+
+
+def _get_build_context(build_context: BuildContext | None) -> BuildContext:
+    if build_context is None:
+        return {"seen_models": set()}
+
+    return copy.deepcopy(build_context)
+
+
 class BaseFactory(ABC, Generic[T]):
     """Base Factory class - this class holds the main logic of the library"""
 
@@ -271,7 +273,12 @@ def _get_async_persistence(cls) -> AsyncPersistenceProtocol[T]:
         )
 
     @classmethod
-    def _handle_factory_field(cls, field_value: Any, field_build_parameters: Any | None = None) -> Any:
+    def _handle_factory_field(
+        cls,
+        field_value: Any,
+        build_context: BuildContext,
+        field_build_parameters: Any | None = None,
+    ) -> Any:
         """Handle a value defined on the factory class itself.
 
         :param field_value: A value defined as an attribute on the factory class.
@@ -281,12 +288,12 @@ def _handle_factory_field(cls, field_value: Any, field_build_parameters: Any | N
         """
         if is_safe_subclass(field_value, BaseFactory):
             if isinstance(field_build_parameters, Mapping):
-                return field_value.build(**field_build_parameters)
+                return field_value.build(build_context, **field_build_parameters)
 
             if isinstance(field_build_parameters, Sequence):
-                return [field_value.build(**parameter) for parameter in field_build_parameters]
+                return [field_value.build(build_context, **parameter) for parameter in field_build_parameters]
 
-            return field_value.build()
+            return field_value.build(build_context)
 
         if isinstance(field_value, Use):
             return field_value.to_value()
@@ -615,6 +622,7 @@ def get_field_value(  # noqa: C901, PLR0911, PLR0912
         cls,
         field_meta: FieldMeta,
         field_build_parameters: Any | None = None,
+        build_context: BuildContext | None = None,
     ) -> Any:
         """Return a field value on the subclass if existing, otherwise returns a mock value.
 
@@ -624,6 +632,7 @@ def get_field_value(  # noqa: C901, PLR0911, PLR0912
         :returns: An arbitrary value.
 
         """
+        build_context = _get_build_context(build_context)
         if cls.is_ignored_type(field_meta.annotation):
             return None
 
@@ -642,18 +651,27 @@ def get_field_value(  # noqa: C901, PLR0911, PLR0912
             return cls.get_constrained_field_value(annotation=unwrapped_annotation, field_meta=field_meta)
 
         if BaseFactory.is_factory_type(annotation=unwrapped_annotation):
+            if not field_build_parameters and unwrapped_annotation in build_context["seen_models"]:
+                return None
+
             return cls._get_or_create_factory(model=unwrapped_annotation).build(
+                build_context,
                 **(field_build_parameters if isinstance(field_build_parameters, Mapping) else {}),
             )
 
         if BaseFactory.is_batch_factory_type(annotation=unwrapped_annotation):
             factory = cls._get_or_create_factory(model=field_meta.type_args[0])
             if isinstance(field_build_parameters, Sequence):
-                return [factory.build(**field_parameters) for field_parameters in field_build_parameters]
+                return [factory.build(build_context, **field_parameters) for field_parameters in field_build_parameters]
+
+            if field_meta.type_args[0] in build_context["seen_models"]:
+                return []
+
             if not cls.__randomize_collection_length__:
-                return [factory.build()]
+                return [factory.build(build_context)]
+
             batch_size = cls.__random__.randint(cls.__min_collection_length__, cls.__max_collection_length__)
-            return factory.batch(size=batch_size)
+            return factory.batch(size=batch_size, build_context=build_context)
 
         if (origin := get_type_origin(unwrapped_annotation)) and issubclass(origin, Collection):
             if cls.__randomize_collection_length__:
@@ -833,14 +851,17 @@ def _check_declared_fields_exist_in_model(cls) -> None:
                 raise ConfigurationException(error_message)
 
     @classmethod
-    def process_kwargs(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def process_kwargs(cls, build_context: BuildContext | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """Process the given kwargs and generate values for the factory's model.
 
         :param kwargs: Any build kwargs.
 
         :returns: A dictionary of build results.
 
         """
+        build_context = _get_build_context(build_context)
+        build_context["seen_models"].add(cls.__model__)
+
         result: dict[str, Any] = {**kwargs}
         generate_post: dict[str, PostGenerated] = {}
 
@@ -863,25 +884,37 @@ def process_kwargs(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
                     result[field_meta.name] = cls._handle_factory_field(
                         field_value=field_value,
                         field_build_parameters=field_build_parameters,
+                        build_context=build_context,
                     )
                     continue
 
-                result[field_meta.name] = cls.get_field_value(field_meta, field_build_parameters=field_build_parameters)
+                result[field_meta.name] = cls.get_field_value(
+                    field_meta,
+                    field_build_parameters=field_build_parameters,
+                    build_context=build_context,
+                )
 
         for field_name, post_generator in generate_post.items():
             result[field_name] = post_generator.to_value(field_name, result)
 
         return result
 
     @classmethod
-    def process_kwargs_coverage(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> abc.Iterable[dict[str, Any]]:
+    def process_kwargs_coverage(
+        cls,
+        build_context: BuildContext | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> abc.Iterable[dict[str, Any]]:
         """Process the given kwargs and generate values for the factory's model.
 
         :param kwargs: Any build kwargs.
 
         :returns: A dictionary of build results.
 
         """
+        build_context = _get_build_context(build_context)
+        build_context["seen_models"].add(cls.__model__)
+
         result: dict[str, Any] = {**kwargs}
         generate_post: dict[str, PostGenerated] = {}
 
@@ -918,19 +951,18 @@ def process_kwargs_coverage(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> abc.Iterable[dict[str, Any]]:
             yield resolved
 
     @classmethod
-    def build(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> T:
+    def build(cls, build_context: BuildContext | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> T:
         """Build an instance of the factory's __model__
 
         :param kwargs: Any kwargs. If field names are set in kwargs, their values will be used.
 
         :returns: An instance of type T.
 
         """
-
-        return cast("T", cls.__model__(**cls.process_kwargs(**kwargs)))
+        return cast("T", cls.__model__(**cls.process_kwargs(build_context, **kwargs)))
 
     @classmethod
-    def batch(cls, size: int, **kwargs: Any) -> list[T]:
+    def batch(cls, size: int, build_context: BuildContext | None = None, **kwargs: Any) -> list[T]:
         """Build a batch of size n of the factory's Meta.model.
 
         :param size: Size of the batch.
@@ -939,7 +971,7 @@ def batch(cls, size: int, **kwargs: Any) -> list[T]:
         :returns: A list of instances of type T.
 
         """
-        return [cls.build(**kwargs) for _ in range(size)]
+        return [cls.build(build_context, **kwargs) for _ in range(size)]
 
     @classmethod
     def coverage(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> abc.Iterator[T]:

polyfactory/factories/beanie_odm_factory.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from typing_extensions import TypeGuard
 
+    from polyfactory.factories.base import BuildContext
     from polyfactory.field_meta import FieldMeta
 
 try:
@@ -55,7 +56,12 @@ def is_supported_type(cls, value: Any) -> "TypeGuard[type[T]]":
         return is_safe_subclass(value, Document)
 
     @classmethod
-    def get_field_value(cls, field_meta: "FieldMeta", field_build_parameters: Any | None = None) -> Any:
+    def get_field_value(
+        cls,
+        field_meta: "FieldMeta",
+        field_build_parameters: Any | None = None,
+        build_context: BuildContext | None = None,
+    ) -> Any:
         """Return a field value on the subclass if existing, otherwise returns a mock value.
 
         :param field_meta: FieldMeta instance.
@@ -74,4 +80,8 @@ def get_field_value(cls, field_meta: "FieldMeta", field_build_parameters: Any |
                 field_meta.annotation = link_class
                 field_meta.annotation = link_class
 
-        return super().get_field_value(field_meta=field_meta, field_build_parameters=field_build_parameters)
+        return super().get_field_value(
+            field_meta=field_meta,
+            field_build_parameters=field_build_parameters,
+            build_context=build_context,
+        )

polyfactory/factories/pydantic_factory.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 from polyfactory.collection_extender import CollectionExtender
 from polyfactory.constants import DEFAULT_RANDOM
 from polyfactory.exceptions import MissingDependencyException
-from polyfactory.factories.base import BaseFactory
+from polyfactory.factories.base import BaseFactory, BuildContext
 from polyfactory.field_meta import Constraints, FieldMeta, Null
 from polyfactory.utils.deprecation import check_for_deprecated_parameters
 from polyfactory.utils.helpers import unwrap_new_type, unwrap_optional
@@ -368,7 +368,12 @@ def get_constrained_field_value(cls, annotation: Any, field_meta: FieldMeta) ->
         return super().get_constrained_field_value(annotation, field_meta)
 
     @classmethod
-    def build(cls, factory_use_construct: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) -> T:
+    def build(
+        cls,
+        build_context: BuildContext | None = None,
+        factory_use_construct: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> T:
         """Build an instance of the factory's __model__
 
         :param factory_use_construct: A boolean that determines whether validations will be made when instantiating the
@@ -378,7 +383,7 @@ def build(cls, factory_use_construct: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) -> T:
         :returns: An instance of type T.
 
         """
-        processed_kwargs = cls.process_kwargs(**kwargs)
+        processed_kwargs = cls.process_kwargs(build_context, **kwargs)
 
         if factory_use_construct:
             return (