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(_There may be still slight variations_)

[Monday 18th Dec](#monday-18th-december) :: [Tuesday 19th Dec (morning)](#tuesday-19th-december-morning-parallel-sessions) :: [Tuesday 19th Dec (afternoon)](#tuesday-19th-december-afternoon-plenary) :: [Wednesday 20th Dec (morning)](#wednesday-20th-december-morning-parallel-sessions) :: [Wednesday 20th Dec (afternoon)](#wednesday-20th-december-afternoon-plenary)

<br />
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09:00 - 17:00. **Workshops and Doctoral Consortium**

- *scheduling to be announced*
- Workshop 1: ALP 2023: AI, Law, and Philosophy (09.30-17.00)
- Workshop 2: AI & A2J 2023: AI & Access to Justice workshop (09.00-17.00)
- Workshop 3: AI4Legs-II workshop (09.00-14.00)
- Workshop 4: Legal Annotation workshop (09.00-17.00)
- Workshop 5: Doctoral Consortium (14.00-17.00)

17:15 - 18:15. **First Keynote Speech** by **[Jaap Hage](https://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/speakers/#monday-18th-december-2023)**, professor in Legal Theory (Maastricht University), on [_Explainable Legal AI_](https://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/speakers/#monday-18th-december-2023)

Abstract: With the increasing popularity of AI based on machine learning, the ideal that AI programs can explain their outputs becomes more difficult to realise. There is no reason why this would be different for legal AI. However natural the demand for explicability may seem, it is not at all obvious what precisely is asked for. There seem to be two kinds of explanation, which can ideally be combined but which in practice do not always go together. The one kind describes the process through which the explanandum came about, physically or – in the law – logically. The other kind is a tool to create understanding in the audience. Psychological research has shown that people are often not capable to explain their own behaviour in the first way, and that when they explain it in the second way, the explanation may very well be false. This has also be shown to hold for legal decisions. If naturally intelligent lawyers are not always capable of explaining their own decisions – but may be under the illusion that they are – should we then demand from AI legal decisions makers that they do what human legal decision makers often cannot do? What can we under these circumstances expect from the explanations that AI systems give of their legal decisions? For some, the answer may come as a surprise.

18:15 - 20:30. *Reception*

<br />

## Tuesday 19th December, morning (parallel sessions)

08:30 - 09:00: registration

09:00 - 09:15. *opening: Welcome from Maastricht University and from the conference organizers*

09:15 - 10:30. **session 1A: Formal approaches (I)**


- 09:15 - 09:40: Trevor Bench-Capon. _A Note on Hierarchical Constraints_
- 09:40 - 10:05: Ilaria Canavotto and John Horty. _The importance of intermediate factors_
- 10:05 - 10:20: Adam Wyner and Tomasz Zurek. _On Legal Teleological Reasoning_
- 10:20 - 10:35: Agata Ciabattoni, Xavier Parent and Giovanni Sartor. _Permissions in a Kelsenian perspective_



09:15 - 10:30. **session 1B: Natural Language Processing (I)**


- 09:15 - 09:40: Morgan Gray, Jaromir Savelka, Wesley Oliver and Kevin Ashley. _Can GPT Alleviate the Burden of Annotation?_
- 09:40 - 10:05: May Myo Zin, Ha Thanh Nguyen, Ken Satoh, Saku Sugawara and Fumihito Nishino. _Information Extraction from Lengthy Legal Contracts: Leveraging Query-Based Summarization and GPT-3.5_
- 10:05 - 10:20: Youssef Al Mouatamid, Jihad Zahir, Marie Bonnin and Hajar Mousannif. _Assessing Ocean's legal protection using AI: A new dataset and a BERT-based classifier_
- 10:20 - 10:35: Tomer Libal and Aleksander Smywiński-Pohl. _Giving Examples Instead of Answering Questions: Introducing Legal Concept-Example Systems_

10:30 - 11:00. *coffee break*

11:00 - 12:30. **session 2A: Formal approaches (II)**


- 11:00 - 11:25: Cecilia Di Florio, Xinghan Liu, Emiliano Lorini, Antonino Rotolo and Giovanni Sartor. _Inferring New Classifications in Legal Case-based Reasoning_
- 11:25 - 11:50: Kees van Berkel, Reka Markovich, Christian Strasser and Leon van der Torre. _Arguing About Choosing a Normative System: Conflict of Laws_
- 11:50 - 12:05: Kathrin Hanauer, Tereza Novotná and Matteo Pascucci. _Assisted Normative Reasoning with Aristotelian Diagrams_
- 12:05 - 12:20: Michał Araszkiewicz. _Conceptual Structures in Statutory Interpretation_



11:00 - 12:30. **session 2B: Natural Language Processing (II)**


- 11:00 - 11:25: Samyar Janatian, Hannes Westermann, Jinzhe Tan, Jaromir Savelka and Karim Benyekhlef. From Text to Structure: _Using Large Language Models to Support the Development of Legal Expert Systems_
- 11:25 - 11:50: Ren-Der Sun, Chia-Hui Chang and Kuo-Chun Chien. _New Horizons of Legal Judgement Predication via Multi-Task Learning and LoRA_
- 11:50 - 12:05: Huihui Xu and Kevin Ashley. _A Question-Answering Approach to Evaluate Legal Summaries_
- 12:05 - 12:20: Marton Ribary, Eugenio Vaccari, Paul Krause, Thomas Wood and Miklos Orban. _Prompt engineering and provision of context in domain specific use of GPT_



12:30 - 13:30. *lunch break*

<br />

## Tuesday 19th December, afternoon (plenary)

13:30 - 14:30. **Second Keynote Speech** by **[Piek Vossen](https://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/speakers/#tuesday-19th-december-2023)**, professor in Computational Lexicology (VU University Amsterdam), head of the Computational Linguistics & Text Mining Lab, on _[ChatGPT: what it is, what it can do, cannot do and should not do](https://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/speakers/#tuesday-19th-december-2023)_.

Abstract: OpenAI has set a new standard by making complex AI tools and systems available to the general public through a natural language interface. No need to program complex systems, just ask your question or send your request to ChatGPT. In this presentation, I dive deeper into the workings of ChatGPT to explain what it can do and what it cannot do. Finally, I discuss its potential future as a technology solution: as Artificial General Intelligence or as natural language interface to technology.

14:30 - 15:45. **session 3: Mixed session**


- 14:30 - 14:55: Daphne Odekerken, Floris Bex and Henry Prakken. _Precedent-based reasoning with incomplete cases_
- 14:55 - 15:20: Ludi van Leeuwen, Bart Verheij, Rineke Verbrugge and Silja Renooij. _Evaluating Methods for Setting a Prior Probability of Guilt_
- 15:20 - 15:45: Anas Belfathi, Nicolas Hernandez and Laura Monceaux. _Harnessing GPT-3.5-turbo for Rhetorical Role Prediction in Legal Cases_

15:45 - 16:30. *coffee break* + **demos**


15:45 - 16:30. *coffee break* + **[demos](http://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/demos)**

- Ha-Thanh Nguyen, Randy Goebel, Francesca Toni, Kostas Stathis and Ken Satoh. _LawGiBa - Combining GPT, Knowledge Bases, and Logic Programming in a Legal Assistance System_
- Suzan Zuurmond, Annemarie Borg, Matthijs van Kempen and Remi Wieten. _Human-centred explanation of rule-based decision-making systems_
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<br />

## Wednesday 20th December, morning (parallel sessions)

09:00 - 10:30. **session 5A: Formal approaches (III)**


- 09:00 - 09:25: Wijnand van Woerkom, Davide Grossi, Henry Prakken and Bart Verheij. _Hierarchical a Fortiori Reasoning with Dimensions_
- 09:25 - 09:40: Trevor Bench-Capon and Katie Atkinson. _Dimensions and Precedential Constraint: Factors Deriving From Multiple Dimensions_
- 09:40 - 09:55: Claudio Novelli, Guido Governatori and Antonino Rotolo. _Automating Business Process Compliance for the EU AI Act_
- 09:55 - 10:10: Seng Joe Watt, Oliver Goodenough and Meng Weng Wong. _Deontics and time in contracts: An executable semantics for the L4 DSL_
- 10:10 - 10:25: Milen Girma Kebede, Thomas van Binsbergen, Tom van Engers and Dannis van Vuurden. _Towards a Purpose-Based Access Control Model derived from the purpose limitation principle_



09:00 - 10:30. **session 5B: Natural Language Processing (III)**


- 09:00 - 09:25: Ha-Thanh Nguyen, Wachara Fungwacharakorn and Ken Satoh. _LogiLaw Dataset towards Reinforcement Learning from Logical Feedback (RLLF)_
- 09:25 - 09:50: Andrea Lombardi, Domenico Alfano and Roberto Abbruzzese. _Legal Text Segmentation through Breakpoint Detection_
- 09:50 - 10:05: Monica Palmirani, Chiara Catizone, Giulia Venditti and Salvatore Sapienza. _Multilevel Hate Speech Classification Based on Multilingual Case-Law_
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11:00 - 12:30. **session 6A: Formal approaches (IV) and hybrid approaches**


- 11:00 - 11:15: Wachara Fungwacharakorn, Kanae Tsushima, Hiroshi Hosobe, Hideaki Takeda and Ken Satoh. _Connecting Rule-Based and Case-Based Representations of Soft-Constraint Norms_
- 11:15 - 11:30: Preston Carlson and Michael Genesereth. _Insurance Portfolio Analysis as Containment Testing_
- 11:30 - 11:45: Harshvardhan J. Pandit, Paul Ryan, Georg Philip Krog, Martin Crane and Rob Brennan. _Towards a Semantic Specification for GDPR Data Breach Reporting_
- 11:45 - 12:00: Tien-Hsuan Wu, Ben Kao and Michael M.K. Cheung. _Judgment Retrieval Made Easier through Query Analysis_

12:00 - 12:30. **Q&A**

11:00 - 12:30. **session 6B: Natural Language Processing (IV) and OCR**


- 11:00 - 11:15: Mads Skipanes, Tollef Emil Jørgensen and Katrin Franke. _Advancing Knowledge Discoveries in Criminal Investigations with Semantic Textual Similarity_
- 11:15 - 11:30: Akito Shimbo, Yuta Sugawara, Hiroaki Yamada and Takenobu Tokunaga. _Nearest Neighbor Search for Summarization of Japanese Judgment Documents_
- 11:30 - 11:45: Irene Benedetto, Luca Cagliero, Francesco Tarasconi, Giuseppe Giacalone and Claudia Bernini. _Benchmarking Abstractive Models for Italian Legal News Summarization_
- 11:45 - 12:00: Henrik Palmer Olsen, Nicolas Garneau, Yannis Panagis, Johan Lindholm and Anders Søgaard. _Re-framing Case Law Citation Prediction from a Paragraph Perspective_
- 12:00 - 12:15: Roberto Abbruzzese, Domenico Alfano and Andrea Lombardi. _REMOAC: A Retroactive Explainable Method for OCR Anomalies Correction in legal domain_

12:30 - 13:30. lunch break

<br />

## Wednesday 20th December, afternoon (plenary)

13:30 - 14:30. **Third Keynote Speech** by **[Iris van Rooij](https://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/speakers/#wednesday-20th-december-2023)**, professor in Computational Cognitive Science (Radboud University) and PI at the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, on _[There is no AGI on the horizon, and AI cannot replace people’s (legal) thinking and judging](https://jurix23.maastrichtlawtech.eu/speakers/#wednesday-20th-december-2023)_.

Abstract: (Based on recent interdisciplinary work published as[ "Reclaiming AI as a theoretical tool for cognitive science"](https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/4cbuv/) together with Olivia Guest, Federico Adolfi, Ronald de Haan, Antonina Kolokolova, & Patricia Rich): The contemporary field of AI has taken the theoretical possibility of explaining human cognition as a form of computation to imply the practical feasibility of realising human(-like or -level) cognition in factual computational systems. Yet, creating systems with human(-like or -level) cognition is intrinsically computationally intractable. This means that any factual AI systems created in the short-run are at best decoys. When we think these systems capture something deep about ourselves and our thinking, we induce distorted and impoverished images of ourselves and our cognition. This puts us at risk of thinking that our thinking can be replaced by AI and of deskilling our professions. The situation could be remediated by releasing the grip of the currently dominant view on AI and by returning to the idea of AI as a theoretical tool for cognitive science.

15:40-16:00: **Q&A**

14:30 - 16:00. **Session 7: Emerging topics**

14:30 - 16:00. **session 7: Emerging topics**


- 14:30 - 14:55: Gijs van Dijck, Benjamin Rodrigues de Miranda and Chloé Crombach. _Centrality Scores and Precedent Value in Legal Network Analysis_
- 14:55 - 15:10: Yiwei Lu, Zhe Yu, Yuhui Lin, Burkhard Schafer, Andrew Ireland and Lachlan Urquhart. _A Legal System to Modify Autonomous Vehicle Designs in Transnational Contexts_
- 15:10 - 15:25: Łukasz Górski and Shashishekar Ramakrishna. _Challenges in Adapting LLMs for Transparency: Complying with Art. 14 EU AI Act_
- 15:25 - 15:40: Hilmy Hanif, Jorge Constantino, Marie-Therese Sekwenz, Michel van Eeten, Jolien Ubacht, Ben Wagner and Yury Zhauniarovich. _Tough Decisions? Supporting System Classification According to the AI Act_

16:00 - 17:00. *Closing remarks* + Open discussion?

<br />

## Additional contributions

- Ari Hershowitz and Sela Mador-Haim. _Executing United States Bills into Law: A working application in the United States House_
- Alexandre Alves, André Nascimento, Rafael Mello and Pericles Miranda. _Automatic simplification of legal texts in Portuguese using machine learning_ (presented at the AI4Legs-2 workshops)
- Mann Khatri, Reshma Sheik, Pritish Wadhwa, Gitansh Satija, Yaman Kumar, Rajiv Shah and Ponnurangam Kumaraguru. _CiteCaseLAW: Citation Worthiness Detection in Caselaw for Legal Assistive Writing_ (video)
- Subinay Adhikary, Dwaipayan Roy, Debasis Ganguly, Shouvik Kumar Guha and Kripabandhu Ghosh. _LeDA: A System for Legal Data Annotation_ (presented at the Legal Annotation workshop)
- Ari Hershowitz and Sela Mador-Haim. _“Comparative Prints Suite” of the United States House of Representatives: NLP for tracking changes in bills and laws_

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