MSC2140: Terms of Service for ISes and IMs

proposals/2140-terms-of-service-2.md

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+# MSC2140: Terms of Service API for Identity Servers and Integration Managers
+
+MSC1692 introduces a method for homeservers to require that users read and
+agree to certain documents before being permitted to use the service. This
+proposal introduces a corresponding method that can be used with Identity
+Servers and Integration Managers.
+
+The challenge here is that Identity Servers do not require any kind of user
+login to access the service and so are unable to track what users have agreed
+to what terms in the way that Homeservers do. We thereforce cannot re-use the
+same method for Identity Servers without fundamentally changing the Identity
+Service API.
+
+Requirements for this proposal are:
+ * ISs and IMs should be able to give multiple documents a user must agree to
+   abide by
+ * Each document shoud be versioned
+ * ISs and IMs must be able to prevent users from using the service if they
+   have not provided agreement.
+ * A user should only have to agree to each version of each document once for
+   their Matrix ID, ie. having agreed to a set of terms in one client, they
+   should not have to agree to them again when using a different client.
+ * Documents should be de-duplicated between services. If two or more services
+   are hosted by the same organisation, the organistation should have the
+   option to give their users a single document that encompasses both services
+   (bearing in mind that the user must be able to opt-out of components of a
+   service whilst still being able to use the service without that component).
+
+## Proposal
+
+Throuhgout this proposal, $prefix will be used to refer to the prefix of the
+API in question, ie. `/_matrix/identity/api/v1` for the IS API and
+`/_matrix/integrations/v1` for the IM API.
+
+This proposal introduces:
+ * The `$prefix/terms` endpoint
+ * The `m.third_party_terms` section in account data
+ * The `X-TERMS-TOKEN` HTTP header
+
+### Terms API
+
+New API endpoints will be introduced:
+
+#### `GET $prefix/terms`:
+This returns a set of documents that the user must agree to abide by in order
+to use the service. Its response is similar to the structure used in the
+`m.terms` UI auth flow of the Client/Server API:
+
+```json
+{
+    "policies": {
+        "terms_of_service": {
+            "version": "2.0",
+            "en": {
+                "name": "Terms of Service",
+                "url": "https://example.org/somewhere/terms-2.0-en.html"
+            },
+            "fr": {
+                "name": "Conditions d'utilisation",
+                "url": "https://example.org/somewhere/terms-2.0-fr.html"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Each document (ie. key/value pair in the 'policies' object) MUST be
+uniquely identified by its URL. It is therefore strongly recommended
+that the URL contains the version number of the document. The name
+and version keys, however, are used only to provide a human-readable
+description of the document to the user.
+
+In the IM API, the client should provide authentication for this endpoint.
+
+#### `POST $prefix/terms`:
+Requests to this endpoint have a single key, `user_accepts` whose value is
+a list of URLs (given by the `url` field in the GET response) of documents that 
+the user has agreed to:
+
+```json
+{
+    "user_accepts": ["https://example.org/somewhere/terms-2.0-en.html"]
+}
+```
+
+In the IM API, the client should provide authentication for this endpoint.
+
+The clients MUST include the correct URL for the language of the document that
+was presented to the user and they agreed to. How servers store or serialise
+acceptance into the `acceptance_token` is not defined, eg. they may internally
+transform all URLs to the URL of the English-language version of each document
+if the server deems it appropriate to do so. Servers should accept agreement of
+any one language of each document as sufficient, regardless of what language a
+client is operating in: users should not have to re-consent to documents if
+they change their client to a different language.
+
+The response MAY contain a `acceptance_token` which, if given, is an
+opaque string that the client must store for use in subsequent requests
+to any endpoint to the same server.
+
+If the server has stored the fact that the user has agreed to these terms,
+(which implies the user is authenticated) it can supply no `acceptance_token`.
+The server may instead choose to supply an `acceptance_token`, for example if,
+as in the IS API, the user is unauthenticated and therefore the server is
+unable to store the fact a user has agreed to a set of terms.
+
+The `acceptance_token` is an opaque string contining characters
+`[a-zA-Z0-9._-]`. It is up to the server how it computes it, but the server
+must be able to, given an `acceptance_token`, compute whether it constitutes
+agreement to a given set of terms. For example, the simplest (but most verbose)
+implemenation would be to make the `acceptance_token` the JSON array of
+documents as provided in the request. A smarter implementation may be a simple
+hash, or even cryptograhic hash if desired.
+
+### Third-Party Terms Account Data
+
+This proposal also defines the `m.third_party_terms` section in User Account
+Data in the client/server API that clients SHOULD use to track what sets of
+terms the user has consented to. This has an array of URLs under the 'accepted'
+key to which the user has agreed to.
+
+An `m.third_party_terms` section therefore resembles the following:
+
+```json
+{
+    "accepted": [
+        "https://example.org/somewhere/terms-1.2-en.html",
+        "https://example.org/somewhere/privacy-1.2-en.html"
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+Whenever a client submits a `POST $prefix/terms` request to an IS or IM, it
+SHOULD update this account data section adding any the URLs of any additional
+documents that the user agreed to to this list.
+
+### Terms Acceptance in the API
+
+Any request to any endpoint in the IS and IM APIs, with the exception of
+`/_matrix/identity/api/v1` may return a `M_TERMS_NOT_SIGNED` errcode. This
+indicates that the user must agree to (new) terms in order to use or continue
+to use the service.
+
+The client uses the `GET $prefix/terms` endpoint to get the latest set of terms
+that must be agreed to. It then cross-references this set of documents against
+the `m.third_party_terms` account data and presents to the user any documents
+that they have not already agreed to, along with UI for them to indicate their
+agreement. Once the user has indicated their agreement, then, and only then,
+must the client use the `POST $prefix/terms` API to signal to the server the
+set of documents that the user has agreed to.
+
+If the server returns an `acceptance_token`, the client should include this
+token in the `X-TERMS-TOKEN` HTTP header in all subsequent requests to an
+endpoint on the API with the exception of `/_matrix/identity/api/v1`.
+
+Both making the `POST $prefix/terms` request and providing an `X-TERMS-TOKEN`
+header signal that the user consents to the terms contained within the
+corresponding documents. That is to say, if a client or user obtains an
+acceptance token via means other than a response to the `POST $perfix/terms`
+API, inclusion of the acceptance token in an `X-TERMS-TOKEN` header in a
+request still constitutes agreement to the terms in the corresponding
+documents.
+
+## Tradeoffs
+
+This introduces a different way of accepting terms from the client/server API
+which uses User-Interactive Authentication. In the client/server API, the use
+of UI auth allows terms acceptance to be integrated into the registration flow
+in a simple and backwards-compatible way. Indtroducing the UI Auth mechanism
+into these other APIs would add significant complexity, so this functionality
+has been provided with simpler, dedicated endpoints.
+
+The `m.third_party_terms` section contains only URLs of the documents that
+have been agreed to. This loses information like the name and version of
+the document, but:
+ * It would be up to the clients to copy this information correctly into
+   account data.
+ * Having just the URLs makes it much easier for clients to make a list
+   of URLs and find documents not already agreed to.
+
+## Potential issues
+
+If the server does not authentcate users, some mechanism is required to track
+users agreement to terms. The introduction of an extra HTTP header on all
+requests adds overhead to every request and complexity to the client to add a
+custom header.
+
+
+## Security considerations
+
+The `acceptance_token` is, in effect, a cookie and could be used to identify
+users of the service.  Users of the Integration manager must be authenticated
+anyway, so this is irrelevant for the IM API. It could allow an Identity Server
+to identify users where it may otherwise not be able to do so (if a client was
+careful to mask other identifying HTTP headers). Given most requests to the IS
+API, by their nature, include 3pids which, even if hashed, will make users
+easily identifiable, this probably does not add any significant concern.
+
+It is assumed that once servers publish a given version of a document at a
+given URL, the contents of that URL will not change. This could be mitigated by
+identifying documents based on a hash of their contents rather than their URLs.
+Agreement to terms in the client/server API makes this assumption, so this
+proposal aims to be consistent.
+
+
+## Conclusion
+
+This proposal adds an error response to all endpoints on the API and a custom
+HTTP header on all requests that is used to signal agreement to a set of terms
+and conditions. The use of the header is only necessary if the server has no
+other means of tracking acceptance of terms per-user. The IS API is not
+authenticated so ISes will have no choice but to use the header. The IM API is
+authenticated so IMs may either use the header or store acceptance per-user.
+
+A separate endpoint is specified with a GET request for retrieving the set
+of terms required and a POST to indicate that the user consents to those
+terms.