Both of these files are DLLs for Python import (hence the .pyd suffix).
In fact both correspond to the _distance_wrap....pyd file from a Scipy build,
using Meson.
The build for the .pyd files uses MinGW-w64 to link other MinGW-w64 compiled
code against a static MSVC-generated .lib from Numpy, called npymath.lib.
good.pyd imports correctly. It linked against an npymath.lib compiled with
MSVC toolchain version 141, corresponding to Visual Studio 2017.
bad.pyd fails on import, with error of form:
C:\repos\scipy\installdir\Lib\site-packages\scipy\spatial\_distance_wrap.cp39-win_amd64.pyd
Error 193: C:\repos\scipy\installdir\Lib\site-packages\scipy\spatial\_distance_wrap.cp39-win_amd64.pyd
is not a valid Win32 application.
(This error comes from importing the .pyd file with its original name).
bad.pyd linked against npymath.lib compiled with MSVC toolchain version
142, corresponding to Visual Studio 2019.
llvm-ro-{good,bad}.txt are the outputs from llvm-readobj.exe --all for each
.pyd file. Similarly for {good,bad}_npymath.lib.
objdump_x_{good,bad}.txt are the outputs from objdump -x.
dlldiag_{good,bad}.txt are the outputs from dlldiag trace, from an
Administrator shell, after installing the WinDbg tools.