Indexes API (#132)

* Catch-up Indexes API

* Add details by field for an Index API Resource

* fix typo

* Add future possibilities

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: cvermand <33010418+bidoubiwa@users.noreply.github.com>

* Add precisions from review

* lowercase type

Co-authored-by: cvermand <33010418+bidoubiwa@users.noreply.github.com>

text/0132-indexes-api.md

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+# Indexes API
+
+## 1. Summary
+
+This specification describes the indexes API endpoints. The endpoint gives the possibility to get, get all, create, update and delete Meilsearch indexes.
+
+## 2. Motivation
+N/A
+
+## 3. Functional Specification
+
+Indexes contain a set of documents in which to search and have their specific settings.
+
+See [Documents API specification](0124-documents-api.md) and [Settings API specification](0123-settings-api.md) for more details.
+
+### 3.1. API Endpoints Definition
+
+
+### 3.1. `index` API Resource Definition
+
+| Field                         | Type            | Required |
+|-------------------------------|-----------------|----------|
+| [uid](#311-uid)               | string          | True     |
+| [name](#312-name)             | string          | False    |
+| [primaryKey](#313-primaryKey) | string / `null` | False    |
+| [createdAt](#314-createdAt)   | string          | False    |
+| [updatedAt](#315-updatedAt)   | string          | False    |
+
+#### 3.1.1. `uid`
+
+- Type: string
+- Required: true
+
+A unique identifier for the index.
+
+This field is mandatory when creating an index and cannot be changed afterwards.
+
+The field `uid` can be an integer or a string containing only alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-) and underscores (_).
+
+#### 3.1.2. `name`
+
+- Type: string
+- Required: false
+
+This field is automatically generated by the engine when creating an index and is equal to the value of `uid`.
+
+It is not possible to give a custom value to `name` when creating or updating an index.
+
+#### 3.1.3. `primaryKey`
+
+- Type: string
+- Required: false
+- Default: `null`
+
+The primary key is the attribute in a document whose value is unique amongst all the other documents.
+
+This field allows bypassing the auto-inference mechanism of the document identifiers.
+
+By default, the `primaryKey` will be chosen by the auto-inference mechanism by the engine when a first document is indexed.
+
+Specifying this field tells the engine to use the document attribute specified in `primaryKey` and bypasses this mechanism.
+
+When the index is empty, it is possible to modify the `primaryKey`.
+
+#### 3.1.4. `createdAt`
+
+- Type: string
+- Required: false
+
+The creation date on which the index has been created.
+
+Automatically generated by the engine at the creation of an index.
+
+Represented with the `RFC 3339` format.
+
+#### 3.1.5. `updatedAt`
+
+- Type: string
+- Required: false
+
+The latest date on which the index has been updated.
+
+Automatically generated by the engine at the creation/update of an index.
+
+Represented wih the `RFC 3339` format.
+
+### 3.2. API Endpoints Definition
+
+Manipulate indexes of a Meilisearch instance.
+
+- [3.2.1. `GET` - `indexes`](#321-get---indexes)
+- [3.2.2. `GET` - `indexes/:index_uid`](#322-get---indexesindexuid)
+- [3.2.3. `POST` - `indexes`](#323-post---indexes)
+- [3.2.4. `PUT` - `indexes/:index_uid`](#324-put---indexesindexuid)
+- [3.2.5. `DELETE` - `indexes/:index_uid`](#325-delete---indexesindexuid)
+
+#### 3.2.1. `GET` - `indexes`
+
+List all indexes of a Meilisearch instance.
+
+##### 3.2.1.1. Response Definition
+
+Returns an array made of multiple index API resource objects. See [3.1.2.1. Response Definition](#3121-response-definition) section.
+
+#### 3.2.2. `GET` - `indexes/:index_uid`
+
+Fetch an index of a Meilisearch instance.
+
+##### 3.2.2.1. Response Definition
+
+| Field                    | Type                     | Required |
+|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------|
+| `uid`                    | string                   | true     |
+| `name`                   | string                   | true     |
+| `primaryKey`             | string / `null`          | true     |
+| `createdAt`              | string                   | true     |
+| `updatedAt`              | string                   | true     |
+
+The `name` field has the same value as the `uid`.
+
+##### 3.2.2.2. Errors
+
+- 🔴 If the requested `index_uid` does not exist, the API returns an [index_not_found](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#index_not_found) error.
+
+#### 3.2.3. `POST` - `indexes`
+
+Creates an index.
+
+##### 3.2.3.1. Request Payload Definition
+
+| Field                    | Type                     | Required |
+|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------|
+| `uid`                    | string                   | true     |
+| `primaryKey`             | string / `null`          | false    |
+
+##### 3.2.3.2. Response Definition
+
+When the request is successful, Meilisearch returns the HTTP code `202 Accepted`. The response's content is the summarized representation of the received asynchronous task.
+
+See [Summarized `task` Object for `202 Accepted`](0060-tasks-api.md#summarized-task-object-for-202-accepted).
+
+##### 3.2.3.3. Errors
+
+- 🔴 Omitting Content-Type header returns a [missing_content_type](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#missing_content_type) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an empty Content-Type returns an [invalid_content_type](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#invalid_content_type) error.
+- 🔴 Sending a different Content-Type than `application/json` returns an [invalid_content_type](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#invalid_content_type) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an empty payload returns a [missing_payload](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#missing_payload) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an invalid JSON payload returns a [malformed_payload](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#malformed_payload) error.
+- 🔴 Sending a value with a different type than `string` for `uid` will return a [bad_request](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#bad_request) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an invalid `uid` returns an [invalid_index_uid](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#invalid_index_uid) error.
+- 🔴 Sending a value with a different type than `string` or `null` for `primaryKey` will return a [bad_request](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#bad_request) error.
+
+###### 3.2.3.3.1. Async Errors
+
+- 🔴 When Meilisearch is secured by a master key, if the API Key used do not have the `indexes.create` action defined, the API returns an [index_not_found](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#index_not_found) error in the related asynchronous `task` resource. See [3.2.2.2. Response Definition](#3222-response-definition).
+- 🔴 Sending a `uid` that already exists returns an [index_already_exists](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#index_already_exists) error.
+
+#### 3.2.4. `PUT` - `indexes/:index_uid`
+
+Updates an index.
+
+The `primaryKey` field can be updated when the index is empty. If the `primaryKey` is not defined, the indexing process will try to auto-infer the `primaryKey` by searching the first attribute containing `id` in the first document payload to index.
+
+##### 3.2.4.1. Request Payload Definition
+
+| Field                    | Type                     | Required |
+|--------------------------|--------------------------|----------|
+| `primaryKey`             | string / `null`          | False    |
+
+##### 3.2.4.2. Response Definition
+
+When the request is successful, Meilisearch returns the HTTP code `202 Accepted`. The response's content is the summarized representation of the received asynchronous task.
+
+See [Summarized `task` Object for `202 Accepted`](0060-tasks-api.md#summarized-task-object-for-202-accepted).
+
+##### 3.2.4.3. Errors
+
+- 🔴 Omitting Content-Type header returns a [missing_content_type](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#missing_content_type) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an empty Content-Type returns an [invalid_content_type](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#invalid_content_type) error.
+- 🔴 Sending a different Content-Type than `application/json` returns an [invalid_content_type](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#invalid_content_type) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an empty payload returns a [missing_payload](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#missing_payload) error.
+- 🔴 Sending an invalid JSON payload returns a [malformed_payload](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#malformed_payload) error.
+
+###### 3.2.4.3.1. Async Errors
+
+- 🔴 When updating the `primaryKey`, if the previous `primaryKey` value has already been used for a document, the API returns an [index_primary_key_already_exists](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#index_primary_key_already_exists) error.
+- 🔴 If the requested `index_uid` does not exist, the API returns an [index_not_found](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#index_not_found) error.
+
+#### 3.2.5. `DELETE` - `indexes/:index_uid`
+
+Deletes an index.
+
+##### 3.2.4.1. Response Definition
+
+When the request is successful, Meilisearch returns the HTTP code `202 Accepted`. The response's content is the summarized representation of the received asynchronous task.
+
+See [Summarized `task` Object for `202 Accepted`](0060-tasks-api.md#summarized-task-object-for-202-accepted).
+
+##### 3.2.4.2. Errors
+
+###### 3.2.4.2.1 Async Errors
+
+- 🔴 If the requested `index_uid` does not exist, the API returns an [index_not_found](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#index_not_found) error.
+
+#### 3.2.6. General Errors
+
+These errors apply to all endpoints described here.
+
+##### 3.2.6.1 Auth Errors
+
+The auth layer can return the following errors if Meilisearch is secured (a master-key is defined).
+
+- 🔴 Accessing this route without the `Authorization` header returns a [missing_authorization_header](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#missing_authorization_header) error.
+- 🔴 Accessing this route with a key that does not have the required permissions (i.e. other than the master-key) returns an [invalid_api_key](0061-error-format-and-definitions.md#invalid_api_key) error.
+
+## 4. Technical Details
+N/A
+
+## 5. Future Possibilities
+- Delete `uid` or `name`.
+- Rework the `primaryKey` concept