feat(53656): Add support for the updated import attributes proposal

[a-tarasyuk]

Fixes #53656

[typescript-bot]

Looks like you're introducing a change to the public API surface area. If this includes breaking changes, please document them on our wiki's API Breaking Changes page.

Also, please make sure @DanielRosenwasser and @RyanCavanaugh are aware of the changes, just as a heads up.

[andrewbranch]

@a-tarasyuk we’d like to get this in for 5.3 beta by Friday. I think the only outstanding thing is the factory API (left a comment on the open thread). Let us know if you’d like to finish it up on such short notice; otherwise one of us can push the last commit or two by Friday. Thanks so much for your work on this!

[andrewbranch]

Should we mark the assertion-specific overloads and functions in the node factory as deprecated?

[andrewbranch]

Thank you @a-tarasyuk! 🌟

[andrewbranch]

@typescript-bot pack this

[typescript-bot]

Heya @andrewbranch, I've started to run the tarball bundle task on this PR at e0afc4a. You can monitor the build here.

[typescript-bot]

Hey @andrewbranch, I've packed this into an installable tgz. You can install it for testing by referencing it in your package.json like so:

{
    "devDependencies": {
        "typescript": "https://typescript.visualstudio.com/cf7ac146-d525-443c-b23c-0d58337efebc/_apis/build/builds/157875/artifacts?artifactName=tgz&fileId=33037B3AD71E60CA4A75534F246CF94A71C4950A34A8E3CB625EBD955A072DFF02&fileName=/typescript-5.3.0-insiders.20230922.tgz"
    }
}

and then running npm install.

---

There is also a playground for this build and an npm module you can use via "typescript": "npm:@typescript-deploys/pr-build@5.3.0-pr-54242-4".;

[DanielRosenwasser]

Looks like a baseline needs to be updated for tests/cases/conformance/node/nodeModulesImportAssertions.ts