Add Ubuntu 24.04 (Noble Numbat) container build

[makubacki]

Closes #403

Adds a new dockerfile to build a Ubuntu 24.04 image.

• https://releases.ubuntu.com/noble/

As we continue to update other Linux dependencies such as our Python installation and various packages, we can maintain better compatibility with pre-compiled binaries and get newer, safer updates by moving to the latest Ubuntu stable release.

In particular, glibc 2.39 is now included by default which allows us to move ahead to newer binaries being pulled into the build like cargo-make v0.37.24.

---

Ubuntu 22.04 image:

/.cargo/bin/cargo-make: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: version
`GLIBC_2.39' not found (required by /.cargo/bin/cargo-make)

Ubuntu 24.04 image:

root@4d1e94a3013a:/src/mu_tiano_platforms# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS
Release:        24.04
Codename:       noble

root@4d1e94a3013a:/mu_plus# ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.39-0ubuntu8.3) 2.39
Copyright (C) 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper

root@4d1e94a3013a:/mu_plus# cargo make test
[cargo-make] INFO - cargo make 0.37.24
[cargo-make] INFO -
[cargo-make] INFO - Build File: Makefile.toml
[cargo-make] INFO - Task: test
[cargo-make] INFO - Profile: development
[cargo-make] INFO - Running Task: individual-package-targets
[cargo-make] INFO - Execute Command: "cargo" "test"

Powershell in the new image:

 root@4d1e94a3013a:/mu_plus# pwsh
 PowerShell 7.5.0