Use the "base" profile for incoming handoff and new commands (#11022)

This pull request introduces our first use of the "base" profile as an
actual profile. Incoming commandlines from `wt foo` *and* default
terminal handoffs will be hosted in the base profile.

**THIS IS A BREAKING CHANGE** for user behavior.

The original behavior where commandlines were hosted in the "default"
profile (in most cases, Windows PowerShell) led to user confusion: "why
does cmd use my powershell icon?" and "why does the title say
PowerShell?". Making this change unifies the user experience so that we
can land commandline detection in #10952.

Users who want the original behavior can get it back for commandline
invocation by specifying a profile using the `-p` argument, as in `wt -p
PowerShell -- cmd`.

As a temporary stopgap, users who attempt to duplicate the base profile
will get their specified default profile until we land #5047.

This feature is hidden behind the same feature flag that controls the
visibility of base/"Defaults" in the settings UI.

Fixes #10669
Related to #6776

src/cascadia/LocalTests_SettingsModel/TerminalSettingsTests.cpp

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace SettingsModelLocalTests
         const std::string settingsJson{ R"(
         {
             "defaultProfile": "{6239a42c-0000-49a3-80bd-e8fdd045185c}",
-            "profiles": [
+            "profiles": { "list": [
                 {
                     "name": "profile0",
                     "guid": "{6239a42c-0000-49a3-80bd-e8fdd045185c}",
@@ -84,6 +84,9 @@ namespace SettingsModelLocalTests
                     "commandline": "wsl.exe"
                 }
             ],
+            "defaults": {
+                "historySize": 29
+            } },
             "keybindings": [
                 { "keys": ["ctrl+a"], "command": { "action": "splitPane", "split": "vertical" } },
                 { "keys": ["ctrl+b"], "command": { "action": "splitPane", "split": "vertical", "profile": "{6239a42c-1111-49a3-80bd-e8fdd045185c}" } },
@@ -219,9 +222,18 @@ namespace SettingsModelLocalTests
             const auto profile{ settings.GetProfileForArgs(realArgs.TerminalArgs()) };
             const auto settingsStruct{ TerminalSettings::CreateWithNewTerminalArgs(settings, realArgs.TerminalArgs(), nullptr) };
             const auto termSettings = settingsStruct.DefaultSettings();
-            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(guid0, profile.Guid());
+            if constexpr (Feature_ShowProfileDefaultsInSettings::IsEnabled())
+            {
+                // This action specified a command but no profile; it gets reassigned to the base profile
+                VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(settings.ProfileDefaults(), profile);
+                VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(29, termSettings.HistorySize());
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(guid0, profile.Guid());
+                VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(1, termSettings.HistorySize());
+            }
             VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(L"foo.exe", termSettings.Commandline());
-            VERIFY_ARE_EQUAL(1, termSettings.HistorySize());
         }
         {
             KeyChord kc{ true, false, false, false, static_cast<int32_t>('F'), 0 };

src/cascadia/TerminalApp/TabManagement.cpp

@@ -350,8 +350,10 @@ namespace winrt::TerminalApp::implementation
             // current control's live settings (which will include changes
             // made through VT).
 
-            if (const auto profile = tab.GetFocusedProfile())
+            if (auto profile = tab.GetFocusedProfile())
             {
+                // TODO GH#5047 If we cache the NewTerminalArgs, we no longer need to do this.
+                profile = GetClosestProfileForDuplicationOfProfile(profile);
                 const auto settingsCreateResult{ TerminalSettings::CreateWithProfile(_settings, profile, *_bindings) };
                 const auto workingDirectory = tab.GetActiveTerminalControl().WorkingDirectory();
                 const auto validWorkingDirectory = !workingDirectory.empty();

src/cascadia/TerminalApp/TerminalPage.cpp

@@ -814,12 +814,6 @@ namespace winrt::TerminalApp::implementation
     TerminalConnection::ITerminalConnection TerminalPage::_CreateConnectionFromSettings(Profile profile,
                                                                                         TerminalSettings settings)
     {
-        if (!profile)
-        {
-            // Use the default profile if we didn't get one as an argument.
-            profile = _settings.FindProfile(_settings.GlobalSettings().DefaultProfile());
-        }
-
         TerminalConnection::ITerminalConnection connection{ nullptr };
 
         winrt::guid connectionType = profile.ConnectionType();
@@ -1369,6 +1363,8 @@ namespace winrt::TerminalApp::implementation
                 profile = tab.GetFocusedProfile();
                 if (profile)
                 {
+                    // TODO GH#5047 If we cache the NewTerminalArgs, we no longer need to do this.
+                    profile = GetClosestProfileForDuplicationOfProfile(profile);
                     controlSettings = TerminalSettings::CreateWithProfile(_settings, profile, *_bindings);
                     const auto workingDirectory = tab.GetActiveTerminalControl().WorkingDirectory();
                     const auto validWorkingDirectory = !workingDirectory.empty();
@@ -2534,23 +2530,37 @@ namespace winrt::TerminalApp::implementation
         // and wait on it hence the locking mechanism.
         if (Dispatcher().HasThreadAccess())
         {
-            // TODO: GH 9458 will give us more context so we can try to choose a better profile.
-            auto hr = _OpenNewTab(nullptr, connection);
-
-            // Request a summon of this window to the foreground
-            _SummonWindowRequestedHandlers(*this, nullptr);
+            try
+            {
+                NewTerminalArgs newTerminalArgs{};
+                // TODO GH#10952: When we pass the actual commandline (or originating application), the
+                // settings model can choose the right settings based on command matching, or synthesize
+                // a profile from the registry/link settings (TODO GH#9458).
+                // TODO GH#9458: Get and pass the LNK/EXE filenames.
+                // Passing in a commandline forces GetProfileForArgs to use Base Layer instead of Default Profile;
+                // in the future, it can make a better decision based on the value we pull out of the process handle.
+                // TODO GH#5047: When we hang on to the N.T.A., try not to spawn "default... .exe" :)
+                newTerminalArgs.Commandline(L"default-terminal-invocation-placeholder");
+                const auto profile{ _settings.GetProfileForArgs(newTerminalArgs) };
+                const auto settings{ TerminalSettings::CreateWithProfile(_settings, profile, *_bindings) };
+
+                _CreateNewTabWithProfileAndSettings(profile, settings, connection);
+
+                // Request a summon of this window to the foreground
+                _SummonWindowRequestedHandlers(*this, nullptr);
+            }
+            CATCH_RETURN();
 
-            return hr;
+            return S_OK;
         }
         else
         {
             til::latch latch{ 1 };
             HRESULT finalVal = S_OK;
 
             Dispatcher().RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority::Normal, [&]() {
-                finalVal = _OpenNewTab(nullptr, connection);
-
-                _SummonWindowRequestedHandlers(*this, nullptr);
+                // Re-running ourselves under the dispatcher will cause us to take the first branch above.
+                finalVal = _OnNewConnection(connection);
 
                 latch.count_down();
             });
@@ -3048,4 +3058,16 @@ namespace winrt::TerminalApp::implementation
     {
         return WindowName() == QuakeWindowName;
     }
+
+    // Method Description:
+    // - This function stops people from duplicating the base profile, because
+    //   it gets ~ ~ weird ~ ~ when they do. Remove when TODO GH#5047 is done.
+    Profile TerminalPage::GetClosestProfileForDuplicationOfProfile(const Profile& profile) const noexcept
+    {
+        if (profile == _settings.ProfileDefaults())
+        {
+            return _settings.FindProfile(_settings.GlobalSettings().DefaultProfile());
+        }
+        return profile;
+    }
 }

src/cascadia/TerminalApp/TerminalPage.h

@@ -358,6 +358,8 @@ namespace winrt::TerminalApp::implementation
 
         void _SetFocusMode(const bool inFocusMode);
 
+        winrt::Microsoft::Terminal::Settings::Model::Profile GetClosestProfileForDuplicationOfProfile(const winrt::Microsoft::Terminal::Settings::Model::Profile& profile) const noexcept;
+
 #pragma region ActionHandlers
         // These are all defined in AppActionHandlers.cpp
 #define ON_ALL_ACTIONS(action) DECLARE_ACTION_HANDLER(action);

src/cascadia/TerminalSettingsModel/CascadiaSettings.cpp

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ CascadiaSettings::CascadiaSettings(winrt::hstring json) :
 {
     const auto jsonString{ til::u16u8(json) };
     _ParseJsonString(jsonString, false);
+    _ApplyDefaultsFromUserSettings();
     LayerJson(_userSettings);
     _ValidateSettings();
 }
@@ -832,7 +833,32 @@ winrt::Microsoft::Terminal::Settings::Model::Profile CascadiaSettings::GetProfil
         profileByName = _GetProfileGuidByName(newTerminalArgs.Profile());
     }
 
-    return FindProfile(til::coalesce_value(profileByName, profileByIndex, _globals->DefaultProfile()));
+    if (profileByName)
+    {
+        return FindProfile(*profileByName);
+    }
+
+    if (profileByIndex)
+    {
+        return FindProfile(*profileByIndex);
+    }
+
+    if constexpr (Feature_ShowProfileDefaultsInSettings::IsEnabled())
+    {
+        // If the user has access to the "Defaults" profile, and no profile was otherwise specified,
+        // what we do is dependent on whether there was a commandline.
+        // If there was a commandline (case 1), we we'll launch in the "Defaults" profile.
+        // If there wasn't a commandline or there wasn't a NewTerminalArgs (case 2), we'll
+        //   launch in the user's actual default profile.
+        // Case 2 above could be the result of a "nt" or "sp" invocation that doesn't specify anything.
+        // TODO GH#10952: Detect the profile based on the commandline (add matching support)
+        return (!newTerminalArgs || newTerminalArgs.Commandline().empty()) ?
+                   FindProfile(GlobalSettings().DefaultProfile()) :
+                   ProfileDefaults();
+    }
+
+    // For compatibility with the stable version's behavior, return the default by GUID in all other cases.
+    return FindProfile(GlobalSettings().DefaultProfile());
 }
 
 // Method Description: