lalr-parser-test

Testing how different LALR(1) parsers detect grammar conflicts

The lemon parser here have several modifications like:

• Command line option to convert from lemon grammar to yacc grammar -y Print yacc grammar without actions.
• Command line option to convert from lemon grammar to yacc grammar with full precedences -Y Print yacc grammar without actions with full precedences.
• Command line option to use yacc rule precedences -z Use yacc rule precedence
• Command line option to ignore all precedences -u Ignore all precedences
• Added a new directive "%yacc_prec" to use yacc rule precedences (the same as command line -u).
• Enhanced command line option to output a naked lemon grammar -g Print grammar without actions.

The byacc parser (from https://invisible-island.net/byacc/byacc.html) here have several modifications like:

• Command line option to print naked yacc -n generate naked grammar
• Command line option to convert from yacc grammar to lemon grammar -E write lemon grammar
• Command line option to convert from yacc grammar to EBNF grammar (understood by https://www.bottlecaps.de/rr/ui) -e write ebnf grammar
• Command line option to output SQL from yacc grammar -S write grammar as sql
• Command line option to ignore all precedences -u ignore precedences
• Command line option to use lemon rule precedences -z use leftmost token for rule precedence
• Add code to accept/skip bison styles alias for non-terminals rule[alias]

The bison-3.8.2 parser here (only the diff) have several modifications like:

• Command line option to print naked yacc -n generate naked grammar
• Command line option to convert from yacc grammar to lemon grammar -N generate lemon grammar
• Command line option to convert from yacc grammar to EBNF grammar (understood by https://www.bottlecaps.de/rr/ui) -e write ebnf grammar
• Command line option to ignore all precedences -z ignore precedences

All of the above was made to make easier to compare how lemon/byacc/bison parse LARL(1) grammars.

Obs: On the examples showun bellow lemon-nb and byacc-nb stands for the lemon/byacc parser from this repository, mybison stands for bison-3.8.2 modified with an extra command line -z, --noprec ignore all precedences.

Testing sqlite3 grammar:

$>lemon-nb -Y sqlite3.yl > sqlite3.y #convert lemon grammar to yacc grammar

$>byacc-nb -E sqlite3.y # convert yacc grammar to lemon grammar
byacc-nb: 53 reduce/reduce conflicts.
53 conflicts
185 terminal symbols
134 non-terminal symbols
319 total symbols
445 rules
887 states

$>mv y.yl sqlite3-y.yl # rename converted lemon grammar

$>lemon-nb -s sqlite3-y.yl
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   184
  non-terminal symbols...............   133
  total symbols......................   317
  rules..............................   442
  states.............................   602
  conflicts..........................     0
  action table entries...............  2078
  lookahead table entries............  2262
  total table size (bytes)........... 11956

$>lemon-nb -s -u sqlite3-y.yl # parse again but ignoring all precedences
827 parsing conflicts.
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   184
  non-terminal symbols...............   133
  total symbols......................   317
  rules..............................   442
  states.............................   602
  conflicts..........................   827
  conflicts S/R......................   788
  conflicts R/R......................    39
  action table entries...............  2000
  lookahead table entries............  2184
  total table size (bytes)........... 11644
 
$>byacc-nb  sqlite3.y
byacc-nb: 53 reduce/reduce conflicts.
53 conflicts
185 terminal symbols
134 non-terminal symbols
319 total symbols
445 rules
887 states

$>byacc-nb -u sqlite3.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
byacc-nb: 788 shift/reduce conflicts, 39 reduce/reduce conflicts.
827 conflicts
185 terminal symbols
134 non-terminal symbols
319 total symbols
445 rules
887 states

$>mybison  sqlite3.y
sqlite3.y: warning: 53 reduce/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-rr]
sqlite3.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples

$>mybison -z sqlite3.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
sqlite3.y: warning: 734 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
sqlite3.y: warning: 93 reduce/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-rr]
sqlite3.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples

Testing cfront3 grammar (https://github.com/mingodad/cfront-3/blob/master/src/gram.y):

$>byacc-nb -E -n cfront3.y # convert yacc grammar to lemon grammar, also generate naked yacc grammar
byacc-nb: 21 shift/reduce conflicts, 3 reduce/reduce conflicts.
24 conflicts
95 terminal symbols
115 non-terminal symbols
210 total symbols
417 rules
709 states

$>mv y.yl cfront3.yl # rename converted lemon grammar

$>mv y.yn cfront3-naked.y # rename naked yacc grammar

$>lemon-nb -s cfront3.yl
19 parsing conflicts.
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................    94
  non-terminal symbols...............    92
  total symbols......................   186
  rules..............................   391
  states.............................   421
  conflicts..........................    19
  conflicts S/R......................    19
  conflicts R/R......................     0
  action table entries...............  5360
  lookahead table entries............  5360
  total table size (bytes)........... 18272

$>lemon-nb -s -u cfront3.yl # parse again but ignoring all precedences
cfront3.yl:230: This rule can not be reduced.

1077 parsing conflicts.
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................    94
  non-terminal symbols...............    92
  total symbols......................   186
  rules..............................   391
  states.............................   423
  conflicts..........................  1077
  conflicts S/R......................  1074
  conflicts R/R......................     3
  action table entries...............  5167
  lookahead table entries............  5202
  total table size (bytes)........... 17736

$>byacc-nb  cfront3-naked.y
byacc-nb: 21 shift/reduce conflicts, 3 reduce/reduce conflicts.
24 conflicts
95 terminal symbols
92 non-terminal symbols
187 total symbols
394 rules
686 states

$>byacc-nb -u cfront3-naked.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
byacc-nb: 1 rule never reduced
byacc-nb: 1074 shift/reduce conflicts, 3 reduce/reduce conflicts.
1077 conflicts
95 terminal symbols
92 non-terminal symbols
187 total symbols
394 rules
686 states

$>mybison  cfront3-naked.y
cfront3-naked.y: warning: 20 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
cfront3-naked.y: warning: 4 reduce/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-rr]
cfront3-naked.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples

$>mybison -z cfront3-naked.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
cfront3-naked.y: warning: 1073 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
cfront3-naked.y: warning: 4 reduce/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-rr]
cfront3-naked.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples
cfront3-naked.y:251.11-29: warning: rule useless in parser due to conflicts [-Wother]
  251 | 	| e /*14:1*/ %prec GT
      |           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Testing cql grammar (https://github.com/facebookincubator/CG-SQL/blob/main/sources/cql.y):

$>byacc-nb -E cql.y # convert yacc grammar to lemon grammar

$>mv y.yl cql.yl # rename converted lemon grammar

$>lemon-nb -s cql.yl
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   246
  non-terminal symbols...............   234
  total symbols......................   480
  rules..............................   695
  states.............................   766
  conflicts..........................     0
  action table entries...............  5146
  lookahead table entries............  5146
  total table size (bytes)........... 24484

$>lemon-nb -s -z cql.yl #parse using yacc rule precedences
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   246
  non-terminal symbols...............   234
  total symbols......................   480
  rules..............................   695
  states.............................   766
  conflicts..........................     0
  action table entries...............  5146
  lookahead table entries............  5146
  total table size (bytes)........... 24484

$>lemon-nb -s -u cql.yl # parse again but ignoring all precedences
1291 parsing conflicts.
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   246
  non-terminal symbols...............   234
  total symbols......................   480
  rules..............................   695
  states.............................   769
  conflicts..........................  1291
  conflicts S/R......................  1291
  conflicts R/R......................     0
  action table entries...............  5145
  lookahead table entries............  5145
  total table size (bytes)........... 24492

$>byacc-nb  cql.y

$>byacc-nb -u cql.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
byacc-nb: 1291 shift/reduce conflicts.
1291 conflicts
263 terminal symbols
235 non-terminal symbols
498 total symbols
698 rules
1309 states

$>mybison  cql.y

$>mybison -z cql.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
cql.y: warning: 1291 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
cql.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples

Testing zephir-lang grammar (https://github.com/zephir-lang/php-zephir-parser/blob/development/parser/zephir.lemon):

$>lemon-nb  -Y zephir.yl > zephir.y #convert lemon grammar to yacc grammar

$>lemon-nb -s zephir.yl
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   135
  non-terminal symbols...............   102
  total symbols......................   237
  rules..............................   491
  states.............................   645
  conflicts..........................     0
  action table entries............... 15308
  lookahead table entries............ 15369
  total table size (bytes)........... 49231

$>lemon-nb -s -u zephir.yl # parse again but ignoring all precedences
1215 parsing conflicts.
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   135
  non-terminal symbols...............   102
  total symbols......................   237
  rules..............................   491
  states.............................   645
  conflicts..........................  1215
  conflicts S/R......................  1215
  conflicts R/R......................     0
  action table entries............... 15964
  lookahead table entries............ 15977
  total table size (bytes)........... 51151

$>byacc-nb  zephir.y

$>byacc-nb -u zephir.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
byacc-nb: 1215 shift/reduce conflicts.
1215 conflicts
136 terminal symbols
103 non-terminal symbols
239 total symbols
494 rules
1031 states

$>mybison  zephir.y

$>mybison -z zephir.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
zephir.y: warning: 1215 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
zephir.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples

Testing postgresql-13.3 grammar:

This grammar needs some manual fixes due to how terminals/non-terminals are named and here is a patch file for that:

--- y.yl	2021-11-15 14:53:07.793688510 +0100
+++ postgresql-13.3-naked.yl	2021-11-15 14:49:42.828814479 +0100
@@ -2936,7 +2936,7 @@
 simpleTypename ::= genericType .
 simpleTypename ::= numeric .
 simpleTypename ::= bit .
-simpleTypename ::= character .
+simpleTypename ::= xcharacter .
 simpleTypename ::= constDatetime .
 simpleTypename ::= constInterval opt_interval .
 simpleTypename ::= constInterval T_K_40 iconst T_K_41 .
@@ -2977,8 +2977,8 @@

 bitWithoutLength ::= BIT opt_varying .

-character ::= characterWithLength .
-character ::= characterWithoutLength .
+xcharacter ::= characterWithLength .
+xcharacter ::= characterWithoutLength .

 constCharacter ::= characterWithLength .
 constCharacter ::= characterWithoutLength .

$>byacc-nb -n postgresql-13.3.y # convert yacc grammar to naked yacc grammar

$>mv y.yn postgresql-13.3-naked.y # rename converted naked yacc grammar

$>byacc-nb -E postgresql-13.3-naked.y # convert yacc grammar to lemon grammar

$>patch y.yl < postgresql-13.3.yl.patch # manual fixes
patching file y.yl

$>mv y.yl postgresql-13.3-naked.yl # rename converted lemon grammar

$>lemon-nb -s postgresql-13.3-naked.yl
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   490
  non-terminal symbols...............   672
  total symbols......................  1162
  rules..............................  2759
  states.............................  3305
  conflicts..........................     0
  action table entries............... 112778
  lookahead table entries............ 112791
  total table size (bytes)........... 479372

$>lemon-nb -s -z postgresql-13.3-naked.yl #parse using yacc rule precedences
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   490
  non-terminal symbols...............   672
  total symbols......................  1162
  rules..............................  2759
  states.............................  3305
  conflicts..........................     0
  action table entries............... 112778
  lookahead table entries............ 112791
  total table size (bytes)........... 479372

$>lemon-nb -s -u postgresql-13.3-naked.yl # parse again but ignoring all precedences
1482 parsing conflicts.
Parser statistics:
  terminal symbols...................   490
  non-terminal symbols...............   672
  total symbols......................  1162
  rules..............................  2759
  states.............................  3306
  conflicts..........................  1482
  conflicts S/R......................  1482
  conflicts R/R......................     0
  action table entries............... 110799
  lookahead table entries............ 110817
  total table size (bytes)........... 471472

$>byacc-nb  postgresql-13.3-naked.y

$>byacc-nb -u postgresql-13.3-naked.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
byacc-nb: 1482 shift/reduce conflicts.
1482 conflicts
491 terminal symbols
673 non-terminal symbols
1164 total symbols
2762 rules
5557 states

$>mybison  postgresql-13.3-naked.y

$>mybison -z postgresql-13.3-naked.y # parse again but ignoring all precedences
postgresql-13.3-naked.y: warning: 1482 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
postgresql-13.3-naked.y: note: rerun with option '-Wcounterexamples' to generate conflict counterexamples