salesforcer is an R package that connects to Salesforce Platform APIs using tidy principles. The package implements most actions from the SOAP, REST, Bulk 1.0, Bulk 2.0, and Metadata APIs.
Package features include:
- OAuth 2.0 (Single Sign On) and Basic (Username-Password)
Authentication methods (
sf_auth()) - CRUD (Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete) methods for records using the SOAP, REST, and Bulk APIs
- Query records via the SOAP, REST, and Bulk 1.0 APIs using
sf_query() - Retrieve and modify metadata (Custom Objects, Fields, etc.) using
the Metadata API with:
sf_describe_objects(),sf_create_metadata(),sf_update_metadata()
- Utilize backwards compatible functions for the RForcecom
package, such as:
rforcecom.login(),rforcecom.getObjectDescription(),rforcecom.query(),rforcecom.create()
- Basic utility calls (
sf_user_info(),sf_server_timestamp(),sf_list_objects())
# install from CRAN
install.packages("salesforcer")
# or get the latest version available on GitHub using the devtools package
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("StevenMMortimer/salesforcer")If you encounter a clear bug, please file a minimal reproducible example on GitHub.
First, load the salesforcer package and login. There are two ways to authenticate:
- OAuth 2.0
- Basic Username-Password
It is recommended to use OAuth 2.0 so that passwords do not have to be shared or embedded within scripts. User credentials will be stored in locally cached file entitled “.httr-oauth-salesforcer” in the current working directory.
suppressWarnings(suppressMessages(library(dplyr)))
suppressWarnings(suppressMessages(library(purrr)))
library(salesforcer)
# Using OAuth 2.0 authentication
sf_auth()
# Using Basic Username-Password authentication
sf_auth(username = "test@gmail.com",
password = "{PASSWORD_HERE}",
security_token = "{SECURITY_TOKEN_HERE}")After logging in with sf_auth(), you can check your connectivity by
looking at the information returned about the current user. It should be
information about you!
# pull down information of person logged in
# it's a simple easy call to get started
# and confirm a connection to the APIs
user_info <- sf_user_info()
sprintf("Organization Id: %s", user_info$organizationId)
#> [1] "Organization Id: 00D6A0000003dN3UAI"
sprintf("User Id: %s", user_info$userId)
#> [1] "User Id: 0056A000000MPRjQAO"Salesforce has objects and those objects contain records. One default object is the “Contact” object. This example shows how to create two records in the Contact object.
n <- 2
new_contacts <- tibble(FirstName = rep("Test", n),
LastName = paste0("Contact-Create-", 1:n))
created_records <- sf_create(new_contacts, object_name="Contact")
created_records
#> # A tibble: 2 x 2
#> id success
#> <chr> <lgl>
#> 1 0036A00000taMJ6QAM TRUE
#> 2 0036A00000taMJ7QAM TRUESalesforce has proprietary form of SQL called SOQL (Salesforce Object
Query Language). SOQL is a powerful tool that allows you to return the
attributes of records on almost any object in Salesforce including
Accounts, Contacts, Tasks, Opportunities, even Attachments! Below is an
example where we grab the data we just created including Account object
information for which the Contact record is associated with. The Account
column is all NA since we have yet to provide information to link
these Contacts with Accounts.
my_soql <- sprintf("SELECT Id,
Account.Name,
FirstName,
LastName
FROM Contact
WHERE Id in ('%s')",
paste0(created_records$id , collapse="','"))
queried_records <- sf_query(my_soql)
queried_records
#> # A tibble: 2 x 4
#> Id Account FirstName LastName
#> <chr> <lgl> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 0036A00000taMJ6QAM NA Test Contact-Create-1
#> 2 0036A00000taMJ7QAM NA Test Contact-Create-2After creating records you can update them using sf_update(). Updating
a record requires you to pass the Salesforce Id of the record.
Salesforce creates a unique 18-character identifier on each record and
uses that to know which record to attach the update information you
provide. Simply include a field or column in your update dataset called
“Id” and the information will be matched. Here is an example where we
update each of the records we created earlier with a new first name
called “TestTest”.
# Update some of those records
queried_records <- queried_records %>%
mutate(FirstName = "TestTest") %>%
select(-Account)
updated_records <- sf_update(queried_records, object_name="Contact")
updated_records
#> # A tibble: 2 x 2
#> id success
#> <chr> <lgl>
#> 1 0036A00000taMJ6QAM TRUE
#> 2 0036A00000taMJ7QAM TRUEFor really large operations (inserts, updates, upserts, deletes, and
queries) Salesforce provides the
Bulk 1.0
and
Bulk 2.0
APIs. In order to use the Bulk APIs in salesforcer you can just add
api_type = "Bulk 1.0" or api_type = "Bulk 2.0" to your functions and
the operation will be executed using the Bulk APIs. It’s that simple.
The benefits of using the Bulk API for larger datasets is that the operation will reduce the number of individual API calls (organization usually have a limit on total calls) and batching the requests in bulk is usually quicker than running thousands of individuals calls when your data is large. Note: the Bulk 2.0 API does NOT guarantee the order of the data submitted is preserved in the output. This means that you must join on other data columns to match up the Ids that are returned in the output with the data you submitted. For this reason, Bulk 2.0 may not be a good solution for creating, updating, or upserting records where you need to keep track of the created Ids. The Bulk 2.0 API would be fine for deleting records where you only need to know which Ids were successfully deleted.
# create contacts using the Bulk API
n <- 2
new_contacts <- tibble(FirstName = rep("Test", n),
LastName = paste0("Contact-Create-", 1:n))
created_records <- sf_create(new_contacts, object_name="Contact", api_type="Bulk 1.0")
# query large recordsets using the Bulk API
my_soql <- sprintf("SELECT Id,
FirstName,
LastName
FROM Contact
WHERE Id in ('%s')",
paste0(created_records$Id , collapse="','"))
queried_records <- sf_query(my_soql, object_name="Contact", api_type="Bulk 1.0")
# delete these records using the Bulk API
deleted_records <- sf_delete(queried_records$Id, object_name="Contact", api_type="Bulk 1.0")Salesforce is a very flexible platform. Salesforce provides the
Metadata
API
for users to create, read, update and delete the objects, page layouts,
and more. This makes it very easy to programmatically setup and teardown
the Salesforce environment. One common use case for the Metadata API is
retrieving information about an object (fields, permissions, etc.). You
can use the sf_read_metadata() function to return a list of objects
and their metadata. In the example below we retrieve the metadata for
the Account and Contact objects. Note that the metadata_type argument
is “CustomObject”. Standard Objects are an implementation of
CustomObjects, so they are returned using that metadata type.
read_obj_result <- sf_read_metadata(metadata_type='CustomObject',
object_names=c('Account', 'Contact'))
read_obj_result[[1]][c('fullName', 'label', 'sharingModel', 'enableHistory')]
#> $fullName
#> [1] "Account"
#>
#> $label
#> [1] "Account"
#>
#> $sharingModel
#> [1] "ReadWrite"
#>
#> $enableHistory
#> [1] "false"
first_two_fields_idx <- head(which(names(read_obj_result[[1]]) == 'fields'), 2)
# show the first two returned fields of the Account object
read_obj_result[[1]][first_two_fields_idx]
#> $fields
#> $fields$fullName
#> [1] "AccountNumber"
#>
#> $fields$trackFeedHistory
#> [1] "false"
#>
#>
#> $fields
#> $fields$fullName
#> [1] "AccountSource"
#>
#> $fields$trackFeedHistory
#> [1] "false"
#>
#> $fields$type
#> [1] "Picklist"The data is returned as a list because object definitions are highly
nested representations. You may notice that we are missing some really
specific details, such as, the picklist values of a field with type
“Picklist”. You can get that information using the
sf_describe_object_fields() or sf_describe_objects() functions which
are based on calls from REST and SOAP APIs. Here is an example using
sf_describe_object_fields() where we get a tbl_df with one row for
each field on the Account object:
acct_fields <- sf_describe_object_fields('Account')
acct_fields %>% select(name, label, length, soapType, type)
#> # A tibble: 67 x 5
#> name label length soapType type
#> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 Id Account ID 18 tns:ID id
#> 2 IsDeleted Deleted 0 xsd:boolean boolean
#> 3 MasterRecordId Master Record ID 18 tns:ID reference
#> 4 Name Account Name 255 xsd:string string
#> 5 Type Account Type 40 xsd:string picklist
#> 6 ParentId Parent Account ID 18 tns:ID reference
#> 7 BillingStreet Billing Street 255 xsd:string textarea
#> 8 BillingCity Billing City 40 xsd:string string
#> 9 BillingState Billing State/Province 80 xsd:string string
#> 10 BillingPostalCode Billing Zip/Postal Code 20 xsd:string string
#> # … with 57 more rowsIf you prefer to be more precise about collecting and formatting the field data you can work directly with the nested lists that the APIs return. In this example we look at the picklist values of fields on the Account object.
describe_obj_result <- sf_describe_objects(object_names=c('Account', 'Contact'))
# confirm that the Account object is queryable
describe_obj_result[[1]][c('label', 'queryable')]
#> $label
#> [1] "Account"
#>
#> $queryable
#> [1] "true"
# show the different picklist values for the Account Type field
the_type_field <- describe_obj_result[[1]][[59]]
the_type_field$label
#> NULL
map_df(the_type_field[which(names(the_type_field) == "picklistValues")], as_tibble)
#> # A tibble: 0 x 0It is recommended that you try out the various metadata functions
sf_read_metadata(), sf_list_metadata(), sf_describe_metadata(),
and sf_describe_objects() in order to see which information best suits
your use case.
Where the Metadata API really shines is when it comes to CRUD operations on metadata. In this example we will create an object, add fields to it, then delete that object.
# create an object
base_obj_name <- "Custom_Account1"
custom_object <- list()
custom_object$fullName <- paste0(base_obj_name, "__c")
custom_object$label <- paste0(gsub("_", " ", base_obj_name))
custom_object$pluralLabel <- paste0(base_obj_name, "s")
custom_object$nameField <- list(displayFormat = 'AN-{0000}',
label = paste0(base_obj_name, ' Number'),
type = 'AutoNumber')
custom_object$deploymentStatus <- 'Deployed'
custom_object$sharingModel <- 'ReadWrite'
custom_object$enableActivities <- 'true'
custom_object$description <- paste0(base_obj_name, " created by the Metadata API")
custom_object_result <- sf_create_metadata(metadata_type = 'CustomObject',
metadata = custom_object)
# add fields to the object
custom_fields <- tibble(fullName=c(paste0(base_obj_name, '__c.CustomField3__c'),
paste0(base_obj_name, '__c.CustomField4__c')),
label=c('Test Field3', 'Test Field4'),
length=c(100, 100),
type=c('Text', 'Text'))
create_fields_result <- sf_create_metadata(metadata_type = 'CustomField',
metadata = custom_fields)
# delete the object
deleted_custom_object_result <- sf_delete_metadata(metadata_type = 'CustomObject',
object_names = c('Custom_Account1__c'))Future APIs to support:
This application uses other open source software components. The authentication components are mostly verbatim copies of the routines established in the googlesheets package (https://github.com/jennybc/googlesheets). Methods are inspired by the RForcecom package (https://github.com/hiratake55/RForcecom). We acknowledge and are grateful to these developers for their contributions to open source.
Salesforce provides client libraries and examples in many programming langauges (Java, Python, Ruby, and PhP) but unfortunately R is not a supported language. However, most all operations supported by the Salesforce APIs are available via this package. This package makes requests best formatted to match what the APIs require as input. This articulation is not perfect and continued progress will be made to add and improve functionality. For details on formatting, attributes, and methods please refer to Salesforce’s documentation as they are explained better there.
More information is also available on the pkgdown site at
https://StevenMMortimer.github.io/salesforcer.
Please note that this project is released with a Contributor Code of Conduct. By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.