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/*! \page BML Bulk Surface Mixed Layer | ||
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This bulk surface mixed layer scheme was designed to be used with a | ||
purely isopycnal model. Following \cite niiler1977, \cite oberhuber1993, | ||
and Hallberg (\cite muller2003) the TKE budget is used to construct a | ||
time-evolving homogeneous mixed layer. A buffer layer sits between | ||
the mixed layer and the interior ocean to mediate between the two. | ||
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The following processes are executed, in the order listed. | ||
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\li 1. Undergo convective adjustment into mixed layer. | ||
\li 2. Apply surface heating and cooling. | ||
\li 3. Starting from the top, entrain whatever fluid the TKE budget | ||
permits. Penetrating shortwave radiation is also applied at | ||
this point. | ||
\li 4. If there is any unentrained fluid that was formerly in the | ||
mixed layer, detrain this fluid into the buffer layer. This | ||
is equivalent to the mixed layer detraining to the Monin- | ||
Obukhov depth. | ||
\li 5. Divide the fluid in the mixed layer evenly into CS\%nkml pieces. | ||
\li 6. Split the buffer layer if appropriate. | ||
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Layers 1 to nkml are the mixed layer, nkml+1 to nkml+nkbl are the | ||
buffer layers. The results of this subroutine are mathematically | ||
identical if there are multiple pieces of the mixed layer with | ||
the same density or if there is just a single layer. There is no | ||
stability limit on the time step. | ||
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The key parameters for the mixed layer are found in the control structure. | ||
These include mstar, nstar, nstar2, pen\_SW\_frac, pen\_SW\_scale, and TKE\_decay. | ||
For the \cite oberhuber1993 and \cite kraus1967 mixed layers, the values of these are: | ||
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<table> | ||
<caption id="table_symbols_bml">Model variables used in the bulk mixed layer</caption> | ||
<tr><th>Symbol <th>Value in Oberhuber (1993) <th>Value in Kraus-Turner (1967) | ||
<tr><td>pen\_SW\_frac <td> 0.42 <td> 0.0 | ||
<tr><td>pen\_SW\_scale <td> 15.0 m <td> 0.0 m | ||
<tr><td>mstar <td> 1.25 <td> 1.25 | ||
<tr><td>nstar <td> 1 <td> 0.4 | ||
<tr><td>TKE\_decay <td> 2.5 <td> 0.0 | ||
<tr><td>conv\_decay <td> 0.5 <td> 0.0 | ||
</table> | ||
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TKE\_decay is \f$1/\kappa\f$ in eq. 28 of \cite oberhuber1993, while | ||
conv\_decay is \f$1/\mu\f$. Conv\_decay has been eliminated in favor of | ||
the well-calibrated form for the efficiency of penetrating convection | ||
from \cite wang2003. | ||
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*/ |
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