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# Contributing to geckodriver | ||
Contributing | ||
============ | ||
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We are delighted that you want to help improve geckodriver! | ||
Mozilla’s WebDriver implementation consists of a few different | ||
parts it can be useful to know about: | ||
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* [_geckodriver_] provides the HTTP API described by the [WebDriver | ||
protocol] to communicate with Gecko-based browsers such as | ||
Firefox and Fennec. It is a standalone executable written in | ||
Rust, and can be used with compatible W3C WebDriver clients. | ||
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* [_Marionette_] is the Firefox remote protocol used by geckodriver | ||
to communicate with, instrument, and control Gecko. It is | ||
built in to Firefox and written in [XPCOM] flavoured JavaScript. | ||
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* [_libwebdriver_] is a Rust crate providing interfaces, traits | ||
and types, errors, type- and bounds checks, and JSON marshaling | ||
for correctly parsing and emitting the [WebDriver protocol]. | ||
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By participating in this project, you agree to abide by the Mozilla | ||
[Community Participation Guidelines]. Here are some guidelines | ||
for contributing high-quality and actionable bugs and code. | ||
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[_geckodriver_]: ./README.md | ||
[_Marionette_]: ../marionette/README.md | ||
[_libwebdriver_]: ../webdriver/README.md | ||
[WebDriver protocol]: https://w3c.github.io/webdriver/webdriver-spec.html#protocol | ||
[XPCOM]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Tech/XPCOM/Guide | ||
[Community Participation Guidelines]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/governance/policies/participation/ | ||
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Reporting bugs | ||
============== | ||
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When opening a new issue or commenting on existing issues, please | ||
make sure discussions are related to concrete technical issues | ||
with geckodriver or Marionette. Questions or discussions are more | ||
appropriate for the [mailing list]. | ||
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For issue reports to be actionable, it must be clear exactly | ||
what the observed and expected behaviours are, and how to set up | ||
the state required to observe the erroneous behaviour. The most | ||
useful thing to provide is a minimal HTML document which permits | ||
the problem to be reproduced along with a [trace-level log] from | ||
geckodriver showing the exact wire protocol calls made. | ||
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Because of the wide variety and different charateristics of clients | ||
used with geckodriver, their stacktraces, logs, and code examples are | ||
typically not very useful as they distract from the actual underlying | ||
cause. **For this reason, we cannot overstate the importance of | ||
always providing the [trace-level log] from geckodriver.** Bugs | ||
relating to a specific client should be filed with that project. | ||
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We welcome you to file issues in the [GitHub issue tracker] once you are | ||
confident it has not already been reported. The [ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md] | ||
contains a helpful checklist for things we will want to know about | ||
the affected system, reproduction steps, and logs. | ||
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geckodriver development follows a rolling release model as we don’t | ||
release patches for older versions. It is therefore useful to use | ||
the tip-of-tree geckodriver binary, or failing this, the latest | ||
release when verifying the problem. Similarly, as noted in the | ||
[README], geckodriver is only compatible with the current release | ||
channel versions of Firefox, and it consequently does not help | ||
to report bugs that affect outdated and unsupported Firefoxen. | ||
Please always try to verify the issue in the latest Firefox Nightly | ||
before you file your bug. | ||
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Once we are satisfied the issue raised is of sufficiently actionable | ||
character, we will continue with triaging it and file a bug where it | ||
is appropriate. Bugs specific to geckodriver will be filed in the | ||
[`Testing :: geckodriver`] component in Bugzilla. | ||
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[mailing list]: #communication | ||
[trace-level log]: doc/TraceLogs.md | ||
[GitHub issue tracker]: https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/issues | ||
[README]: ./README.md | ||
[`Testing :: geckodriver`]: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?component=geckodriver | ||
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Writing code | ||
============ | ||
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Because there are many moving parts involved remote controlling | ||
a web browser, it can be challenging to a new contributor to know | ||
where to start. Please don’t hesitate to [ask questions]! | ||
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The canonical source code repository of geckodriver is now | ||
[mozilla-central]. We continue to use the [GitHub issue tracker] as | ||
a triage ground before actual, actionable bugs and tasks are filed | ||
in the [`Testing :: geckodriver`] component in Bugzilla. We also | ||
have a curated set of [good first bugs] you may consider attempting first. | ||
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The purpose of this guide _is not_ to make sure you have a basic | ||
development environment set up. For that there is plentiful | ||
documentation, such as the [Developer Guide] to get you rolling. | ||
Once you do, we can get started working up your first patch! | ||
Remember to [reach out to us] at any point if you have questions. | ||
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[ask questions]: #communication | ||
[reach out to us]: #communication | ||
[mozilla-central]: https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/testing/geckodriver/ | ||
[good first bugs]: https://www.joshmatthews.net/bugsahoy/?automation=1&rust=1 | ||
[Developer Guide]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Developer_guide | ||
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Building geckodriver | ||
-------------------- | ||
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geckodriver is written in [Rust], a systems programming language | ||
from Mozilla. Crucially, it relies on the [webdriver crate] to | ||
provide the HTTPD and do most of the heavy lifting of marshalling the | ||
[WebDriver protocol]. geckodriver translates WebDriver [commands], | ||
[responses], and [errors] to the [Marionette protocol], and acts | ||
as a proxy between WebDriver clients and [Marionette]. | ||
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Whilst geckodriver lives in the same source repository as Firefox | ||
and is built in the [Firefox CI], is _is not_ built if you build | ||
Firefox locally. To enable building of geckodriver locally, ensure | ||
you put this in your [mozconfig]: | ||
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ac_add_options --enable-geckodriver | ||
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When you have, you are ready to start off your first build: | ||
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% ./mach build testing/geckodriver | ||
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The geckodriver executable will appear in `${objdir}/dist/bin/geckodriver` | ||
alongside firefox-bin. To run it you can use mach: | ||
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% ./mach geckodriver -- --version | ||
0:00.27 /home/ato/src/gecko/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/bin/geckodriver --version --binary /home/ato/src/gecko/obj-x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/dist/bin/firefox | ||
geckodriver 0.19.0 (f3e939a81ee1169f9501ad96eb43bbf4bf4a1bde 2017-10-11) | ||
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[Rust]: https://www.rust-lang.org/ | ||
[webdriver crate]: ../webdriver/README.md | ||
[commands]: https://docs.rs/webdriver/newest/webdriver/command/index.html | ||
[responses]: https://docs.rs/webdriver/newest/webdriver/response/index.html | ||
[errors]: https://docs.rs/webdriver/newest/webdriver/error/enum.ErrorStatus.html | ||
[Marionette protocol]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/QA/Marionette/Protocol | ||
[Marionette]: ../marionette/README.md | ||
[Firefox CI]: https://treeherder.mozilla.org/ | ||
[mozconfig]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Developer_guide/Build_Instructions/Configuring_Build_Options | ||
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The geckodriver project welcomes contributions from everyone. There are a | ||
number of ways you can help: | ||
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## Issue Reports | ||
Running the tests | ||
----------------- | ||
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We verify and test geckodriver in a couple of different ways. | ||
Since it is an implementation of the WebDriver web standard, we share | ||
a set of conformance tests with other browser vendors through the | ||
[Web Platform Tests] (WPT) initiative. This lets us ensure web | ||
compatibility between _different_ WebDriver implementations for | ||
different browsers. | ||
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When opening new issues or commenting on existing issues please make | ||
sure discussions are related to concrete technical issues with the | ||
geckodriver or Marionette software. | ||
In addition to the WPT tests, geckodriver and libwebdriver has | ||
unit tests. At the moment there is no way to run Rust unit tests | ||
through mach, although this is being worked on. For the moment | ||
you need to kick off a separate build using [cargo]: | ||
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For issue reports to be actionable, it must be clear exactly what the | ||
observed and expected behaviours are, and how to set up the state required | ||
to observe the erroneous behaviour. The most useful thing to provide is a | ||
minimal HTML file which allows the problem to be reproduced, plus a | ||
trace-level log from geckodriver showing the wire-protocol calls used to set | ||
up the problem. Please provide [concise reproducible test | ||
cases](http://sscce.org/) and describe what results you are seeing and what | ||
results you expect. Because of the wide variety of client bindings for | ||
WebDriver, clients scripts and logs are typically not very useful if the | ||
verbose geckodriver logs are available. Issues relating to a specific client | ||
should be filed in the issue tracker of that project. | ||
% cd testing/geckodriver | ||
Compiling geckodriver v0.19.0 (file:///home/ato/src/gecko/testing/geckodriver) | ||
… | ||
test result: ok. 7 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out | ||
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## Code Contributions | ||
Because the unit tests _are not_ currently run in the [Firefox CI], | ||
hopefully you will find that they all pass. (-: | ||
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If you're looking for easy bugs, have a look at | ||
[issues labelled E-easy](https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3Aeasy+) | ||
on Github. | ||
To run the more extensive WPT tests you can use mach, but first | ||
make sure you have a build of Firefox: | ||
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This document will guide you through the contribution process. | ||
% ./mach build | ||
% ./mach wpt testing/web-platform/tests/webdriver | ||
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### Step 1: Fork | ||
As these are functional integration tests and pop up Firefox windows | ||
sporadically, a helpful tip is to surpress the window whilst you | ||
are running them by using Firefox’ [headless mode]: | ||
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Fork the project [on Github](https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver) | ||
and check out your copy locally. | ||
% MOZ_HEADLESS=1 ./mach wpt testing/web-platform/tests/webdriver | ||
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```text | ||
% git clone git@github.com:username/geckodriver.git | ||
% cd geckodriver | ||
% git remote add upstream git://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver.git | ||
``` | ||
In addition to the `MOZ_HEADLESS` output variable there is also | ||
`MOZ_HEADLESS_WIDTH` and `MOZ_HEADLESS_HEIGHT` to control the | ||
dimensions of the no-op virtual display. This is similar to using | ||
xvfb(1) which you may know from the X windowing system, but has | ||
the additional benefit of also working on macOS and Windows. | ||
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### Step 2: Branch | ||
As you get in to development of geckodriver and Marionette you will | ||
increasingly grow to understand our love for [trace-level logs]. | ||
They provide us with the input—the HTTP requests—from the client | ||
(in WPT’s case from the tests’ use of a custom WebDriver client), | ||
the translation geckodriver makes to the [Marionette protocol], | ||
the log output from Marionette, its responses back to geckodriver, | ||
and finally the output—or the HTTP response—back to the client. | ||
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Create a feature branch and start hacking: | ||
The [trace-level logs] can be surfaced by passing on the `-vv` | ||
flag to geckodriver through WPT: | ||
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```text | ||
% git checkout -b my-feature-branch | ||
``` | ||
% ./mach wpt --webdriver-arg=-vv testing/web-platform/tests/webdriver | ||
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We practice HEAD-based development, which means all changes are applied | ||
directly on top of master. | ||
[Web Platform Tests]: http://web-platform-tests.org/ | ||
[cargo]: http://doc.crates.io/guide.html | ||
[headless mode]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode | ||
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### Step 3: Commit | ||
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First make sure git knows your name and email address: | ||
Submitting patches | ||
------------------ | ||
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```text | ||
% git config --global user.name 'Santa Claus' | ||
% git config --global user.email 'santa@example.com' | ||
``` | ||
You can submit patches by uploading .diff files to Bugzilla or by | ||
sending them to [MozReview]. | ||
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The first line must be meaningful as it's what people see when they | ||
run `git shortlog` or `git log --oneline`. | ||
Once you have contributed a couple of patches, we are happy to | ||
sponsor you in [becoming a Mozilla committer]. When you have been | ||
granted commit access level 1 you will have permission to use the | ||
[Firefox CI] to trigger your own “try runs” to test your changes. | ||
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### Step 4: Rebase | ||
[MozReview]: http://mozilla-version-control-tools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/mozreview.html | ||
[becoming a Mozilla committer]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/governance/policies/commit/ | ||
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Use `git rebase` (not `git merge`) to sync your work from time to time. | ||
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```text | ||
% git fetch upstream | ||
% git rebase upstream/master | ||
``` | ||
Communication | ||
============= | ||
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### Step 5: Push | ||
The mailing list for geckodriver discussion is | ||
tools-marionette@lists.mozilla.org ([subscribe], [archive]). | ||
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```text | ||
% git push my-feature-branch | ||
``` | ||
If you prefer real-time chat, there is often someone in the #ateam IRC | ||
channel on irc.mozilla.org. Don’t ask if you can ask a question, just | ||
ask, and please wait for an answer as we might not be in your timezone. | ||
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Go to https://github.com/yourusername/geckodriver and press the _Pull | ||
Request_ and fill out the form. | ||
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Pull requests are usually reviewed within a few days. Reviews will be done | ||
through [Reviewable](https://reviewable.io/reviews/mozilla/geckodriver) | ||
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### Step 6: Integration | ||
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When code review is complete, a committer will take your PR and | ||
integrate it on geckodriver's master branch. Because we like to keep a | ||
linear history on the master branch, we will normally squash and rebase | ||
your branch history. | ||
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## Communication | ||
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geckodriver contributors frequent the `#ateam` channel on | ||
[`irc.mozilla.org`](http://chat.mibbit.com/?server=irc.mozilla.org:#ateam). | ||
[subscribe]: https://lists.mozilla.org/listinfo/tools-marionette | ||
[archive]: http://groups.google.com/group/mozilla.tools.marionette |
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