Add main functions for the computation of Kr maps

[carhc]

This PR addresses issue #863 (ICAROS: Calibration map creation) and lies on top of PR #865 (Data preparation functions).

It contains the main and auxiliary functions needed for the core of Icaro city. Many different functions have been defined in order to prepare, fit and produce the Kr calibration maps.

WIP:

• Complete tests
• Define regularization.
• Define how to select map bins that fall within the detector volume (maybe using DB).
• Fix the prescription for the p-value calculation.
• Cosmetics and unify style. Many of the functions here have been changing almost daily for the last week (even today!), so there may still be inconsistencies, especially regarding the functions message for parameters and returns.

[jahernando]

Comments & Corrections:

1. get_number_of_bins ok
2. get_binned_data what is does is: get_bin_counts_and_event_bin_id, change name!
3. update_dst extend: update_dst_with_event_bin_id
4. in calculate_residuals line 611, it is missing KrFitFunction in lin_function?
5. fit_and_fill_map, I think the try is not necessary.
6. fit_and_fill_map, I will remove the else associated with if not map_bin['in_active'] or not map_bin['has_min_counts']:, and put the rest of the code (most of the function body) in the first identation level.
7. fit_and_fill_map, L736, name = get_par_name_from_fittype(fittype = fittype), you are transforming the fit paramters into (E0, LT), so this is not necessary [it is already solved in a posterior commit!].
8. icaro city is not commented, you need to indicate the meaning of the parameters, in particular what is nStimeprofile
9. icaro city, I understand it is still a draft, but nevertheless, we should add a check function after the map_builder and map_evol main functions.
10. icaro city, L80, L81, about the sinks, what are the arguments: "pointlike_event", "pmap_passed"
11. compute_map, has some hardwired values, this is not acceptable, these parameters should be in a configuration file, even if they are almost never modified [Some modifications done in a later commit].
12. What is the decision about computing the chi2?
13. Most of the functions have not an associated test!

Tests:

• ok get_number_of_bins

[jahernando]

This is a large commit, better do small commits with specific changes. Otherwise is difficult to follow the flow of changes.

I understant that:

• some (empty) functions are introduced in the main flow to check the map and the map evolution internally
• some functions have been renamed to gain in clarity
• some arguments are not passed by default to gain robustness

Do I miss other changes?

There is a comment of many lines related with time-series, I understant this is the time-evolution part, that will be re-adapted in a new PR.

@carhc Are you preparing to commit more tests of the functions used in the code?

[gonzaponte]

This is being done with peras

[gonzaponte]

We usually take x as the outer look and y as the inner one. Here geom_comb will loop over x first, I suggest to change it, if it doesn't have any implications.

Also, you have two instances of this cartesian product. I suggest making a list and use it in the next line and below in the assignment to the columns

[gonzaponte]

Since you are going to enumerate most columns anyway, why not create the dataframe using the syntax:
pd.DataFrame(dict(col0 = values0, ...)?

[gonzaponte]

Unless this function is used in many many places, I don't think it's worth it.

[gonzaponte]

make this more compact: it can fit in one line.

[gonzaponte]

is 10 a magic number?

[gonzaponte]

superfluous variable, please remove

[gonzaponte]

Suggested change

	map_bin['fit_success'] = True if ier in [1, 2, 3, 4] else False
	map_bin['fit_success'] = ier in range(1, 5)

[gonzaponte]

for booleans it's more idiomatic to use and instead of &

[gonzaponte]

This function is also superfluous

[gonzaponte]

Suggested change

	outliers = maps.in_active
	outliers &= np.logical_not(find_outliers(new_map, x2range))
	outliers = maps.in_active & ~in_range(new_map.chi2, *x2range))