fix: use public Node API instead of internal View methods

[nabim777]

Description

Following recent Nextcloud changes (#55574) where the View class marked as @internal, this PR replaces DirectUploadController to use the recommended Node API instead.
A similar approach is used in other apps like files_zip
Documentation for the Node API used is available at:
https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/stable/developer_manual/basics/storage/filesystem.html#direct-storage-access

Related Issue or Workpackage

• https://community.openproject.org/projects/nextcloud-integration/work_packages/68286/

Screenshots (if appropriate):

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Tests only (no source changes)

Checklist:

• Code changes
• Unit tests added
• Acceptance tests added
• Updated CHANGELOG.md file

[individual-it]

Looks good, and to prove it works we have an API test that still passes: https://github.com/nextcloud/integration_openproject/blob/master/tests/acceptance/features/api/getFileinfoByFileIDAPI.feature#L1355

[github-actions]

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