feat(DI): Abort querying if infinite loop is detected

[provokateurin]

Sometimes when adding a new class via DI it does not work due to an infinite loop. Even worse, there is no logging, so it's not clear which class is causing the issue (since it can be a different class than the directly added one) and the webserver just dies due to the infinite loop.

This can be tested with the following diff:

diff --git a/lib/base.php b/lib/base.php
index b890cdb6dd7..c0484967f24 100644
--- a/lib/base.php
+++ b/lib/base.php
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
  */
 
+use OC\A;
 use OC\Profiler\BuiltInProfiler;
 use OC\Share20\GroupDeletedListener;
 use OC\Share20\Hooks;
@@ -189,6 +190,8 @@ class OC {
 			@touch($configFilePath);
 		}
 
+		Server::get(A::class)->someMethod();
+
 		// Check if config is writable
 		$configFileWritable = is_writable($configFilePath);
 		$configReadOnly = Server::get(IConfig::class)->getSystemValueBool('config_is_read_only');
diff --git a/lib/private/A.php b/lib/private/A.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b47fa53503b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/private/A.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace OC;
+
+class A {
+	public function __construct(
+		private B $b,
+	) {
+	}
+
+	public function someMethod(): void {
+		$this->b->someMethod();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/lib/private/B.php b/lib/private/B.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e884e4fd43f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/private/B.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace OC;
+
+class B {
+	public function __construct(
+		private C $c,
+	) {
+	}
+
+	public function someMethod(): void {
+		$this->c->someMethod();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/lib/private/C.php b/lib/private/C.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d19c21324ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/private/C.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace OC;
+
+class C {
+	public function __construct(
+		private A $a,
+	) {
+	}
+
+	public function someMethod(): void {
+		$this->a->someMethod();
+	}
+}

[provokateurin]

Cypress is unrelated