module: do not warn when require(esm) comes from node_modules

As part of the standard experimental feature graduation
policy, when we unflagged require(esm) we moved the
experimental warning to be emitted when require() is
actually used to load ESM, which previously was an error.
However, some packages in the ecosystem have already
being using try-catch to load require(esm) to e.g.
resolve optional dependency, and emitting warning from
there instead of throwing directly could break the CLI
output.

To reduce the disruption for releases, as a compromise, this
patch skips the warning if require(esm) comes from
node_modules, where users typically don't have much control
over the code. This warning will be eventually removed
when require(esm) becomes stable.

This patch was originally intended for the LTS releases,
though it seems there's appetite for it on v23.x as
well so it's re-targeted to the main branch.

PR-URL: #55960
Refs: #55217
Refs: #52697
Reviewed-By: Matteo Collina <matteo.collina@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Antoine du Hamel <duhamelantoine1995@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Jacob Smith <jacob@frende.me>

lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ const {
     module_export_private_symbol,
     module_parent_private_symbol,
   },
+  isInsideNodeModules,
 } = internalBinding('util');
 
 const { kEvaluated, createRequiredModuleFacade } = internalBinding('module_wrap');
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ const {
   setOwnProperty,
   getLazy,
   isWindows,
+  isUnderNodeModules,
 } = require('internal/util');
 const {
   makeContextifyScript,
@@ -1328,6 +1330,7 @@ Module.prototype.require = function(id) {
   }
 };
 
+let emittedRequireModuleWarning = false;
 /**
  * Resolve and evaluate it synchronously as ESM if it's ESM.
  * @param {Module} mod CJS module instance
@@ -1347,29 +1350,46 @@ function loadESMFromCJS(mod, filename, format, source) {
     setOwnProperty(process, 'mainModule', undefined);
   } else {
     const parent = mod[kModuleParent];
-    let messagePrefix;
-    if (parent) {
-      // In the case of the module calling `require()`, it's more useful to know its absolute path.
-      let from = parent.filename || parent.id;
-      // In the case of the module being require()d, it's more useful to know the id passed into require().
-      const to = mod.id || mod.filename;
-      if (from === 'internal/preload') {
-        from = '--require';
-      } else if (from === '<repl>') {
-        from = 'The REPL';
-      } else if (from === '.') {
-        from = 'The entry point';
-      } else {
-        from &&= `CommonJS module ${from}`;
+
+    if (!emittedRequireModuleWarning) {
+      let shouldEmitWarning = false;
+      // Check if the require() comes from node_modules.
+      if (parent) {
+        shouldEmitWarning = !isUnderNodeModules(parent.filename);
+      } else if (mod[kIsCachedByESMLoader]) {
+        // It comes from the require() built for `import cjs` and doesn't have a parent recorded
+        // in the CJS module instance. Inspect the stack trace to see if the require()
+        // comes from node_modules and reduce the noise. If there are more than 100 frames,
+        // just give up and assume it is under node_modules.
+        shouldEmitWarning = !isInsideNodeModules(100, true);
       }
-      if (from && to) {
-        messagePrefix = `${from} is loading ES Module ${to} using require().\n`;
+      if (shouldEmitWarning) {
+        let messagePrefix;
+        if (parent) {
+          // In the case of the module calling `require()`, it's more useful to know its absolute path.
+          let from = parent.filename || parent.id;
+          // In the case of the module being require()d, it's more useful to know the id passed into require().
+          const to = mod.id || mod.filename;
+          if (from === 'internal/preload') {
+            from = '--require';
+          } else if (from === '<repl>') {
+            from = 'The REPL';
+          } else if (from === '.') {
+            from = 'The entry point';
+          } else {
+            from &&= `CommonJS module ${from}`;
+          }
+          if (from && to) {
+            messagePrefix = `${from} is loading ES Module ${to} using require().\n`;
+          }
+        }
+        emitExperimentalWarning('Support for loading ES Module in require()',
+                                messagePrefix,
+                                undefined,
+                                parent?.require);
+        emittedRequireModuleWarning = true;
       }
     }
-    emitExperimentalWarning('Support for loading ES Module in require()',
-                            messagePrefix,
-                            undefined,
-                            parent?.require);
     const {
       wrap,
       namespace,

test/es-module/test-require-node-modules-warning.js

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// This checks the experimental warning for require(esm) is disabled when the
+// require() comes from node_modules.
+require('../common');
+const { spawnSyncAndAssert } = require('../common/child_process');
+const fixtures = require('../common/fixtures');
+
+const warningRE = /Support for loading ES Module in require\(\)/;
+
+// The fixtures are placed in a directory that includes "node_modules" in its name
+// to check false negatives.
+
+// require() in non-node_modules -> esm in node_modules should warn.
+spawnSyncAndAssert(
+  process.execPath,
+  [fixtures.path('es-modules', 'test_node_modules', 'require-esm.js')],
+  {
+    trim: true,
+    stderr: warningRE,
+    stdout: 'world',
+  }
+);
+
+// require() in non-node_modules -> require() in node_modules -> esm in node_modules
+// should not warn.
+spawnSyncAndAssert(
+  process.execPath,
+  [fixtures.path('es-modules', 'test_node_modules', 'require-require-esm.js')],
+  {
+    trim: true,
+    stderr: '',
+    stdout: 'world',
+  }
+);
+
+// Import in non-node_modules -> require() in node_modules -> esm in node_modules
+// should not warn.
+spawnSyncAndAssert(
+  process.execPath,
+  [fixtures.path('es-modules', 'test_node_modules', 'import-require-esm.mjs')],
+  {
+    trim: true,
+    stderr: '',
+    stdout: 'world',
+  }
+);
+
+// Import in non-node_modules -> import in node_modules ->
+// require() in node_modules -> esm in node_modules should not warn.
+spawnSyncAndAssert(
+  process.execPath,
+  [fixtures.path('es-modules', 'test_node_modules', 'import-import-require-esm.mjs')],
+  {
+    trim: true,
+    stderr: '',
+    stdout: 'world',
+  }
+);