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This also adds a script to automate the update and includes the sources included in the npm tarball. PR-URL: #42246 Backport-PR-URL: #42727 Fixes: #42199 Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Matteo Collina <matteo.collina@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <midawson@redhat.com> Reviewed-By: Mestery <mestery@protonmail.com> Reviewed-By: Robert Nagy <ronagy@icloud.com> Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Tierney Cyren <hello@bnb.im>
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MIT License | ||
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Copyright (c) Matteo Collina and Undici contributors | ||
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | ||
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | ||
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | ||
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | ||
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | ||
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | ||
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all | ||
copies or substantial portions of the Software. | ||
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | ||
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | ||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | ||
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | ||
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | ||
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE | ||
SOFTWARE. |
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# undici | ||
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[![Node CI](https://github.com/nodejs/undici/actions/workflows/nodejs.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/nodejs/undici/actions/workflows/nodejs.yml) [![js-standard-style](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-standard-brightgreen.svg?style=flat)](http://standardjs.com/) [![npm version](https://badge.fury.io/js/undici.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/js/undici) [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/nodejs/undici/branch/main/graph/badge.svg?token=yZL6LtXkOA)](https://codecov.io/gh/nodejs/undici) | ||
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A HTTP/1.1 client, written from scratch for Node.js. | ||
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> Undici means eleven in Italian. 1.1 -> 11 -> Eleven -> Undici. | ||
It is also a Stranger Things reference. | ||
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Have a question about using Undici? Open a [Q&A Discussion](https://github.com/nodejs/undici/discussions/new) or join our official OpenJS [Slack](https://openjs-foundation.slack.com/archives/C01QF9Q31QD) channel. | ||
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## Install | ||
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``` | ||
npm i undici | ||
``` | ||
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## Benchmarks | ||
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The benchmark is a simple `hello world` [example](benchmarks/benchmark.js) using a | ||
number of unix sockets (connections) with a pipelining depth of 10 running on Node 16. | ||
The benchmarks below have the [simd](https://github.com/WebAssembly/simd) feature enabled. | ||
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### Connections 1 | ||
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| Tests | Samples | Result | Tolerance | Difference with slowest | | ||
|---------------------|---------|---------------|-----------|-------------------------| | ||
| http - no keepalive | 15 | 4.63 req/sec | ± 2.77 % | - | | ||
| http - keepalive | 10 | 4.81 req/sec | ± 2.16 % | + 3.94 % | | ||
| undici - stream | 25 | 62.22 req/sec | ± 2.67 % | + 1244.58 % | | ||
| undici - dispatch | 15 | 64.33 req/sec | ± 2.47 % | + 1290.24 % | | ||
| undici - request | 15 | 66.08 req/sec | ± 2.48 % | + 1327.88 % | | ||
| undici - pipeline | 10 | 66.13 req/sec | ± 1.39 % | + 1329.08 % | | ||
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### Connections 50 | ||
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| Tests | Samples | Result | Tolerance | Difference with slowest | | ||
|---------------------|---------|------------------|-----------|-------------------------| | ||
| http - no keepalive | 50 | 3546.49 req/sec | ± 2.90 % | - | | ||
| http - keepalive | 15 | 5692.67 req/sec | ± 2.48 % | + 60.52 % | | ||
| undici - pipeline | 25 | 8478.71 req/sec | ± 2.62 % | + 139.07 % | | ||
| undici - request | 20 | 9766.66 req/sec | ± 2.79 % | + 175.39 % | | ||
| undici - stream | 15 | 10109.74 req/sec | ± 2.94 % | + 185.06 % | | ||
| undici - dispatch | 25 | 10949.73 req/sec | ± 2.54 % | + 208.75 % | | ||
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## Quick Start | ||
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```js | ||
import { request } from 'undici' | ||
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const { | ||
statusCode, | ||
headers, | ||
trailers, | ||
body | ||
} = await request('http://localhost:3000/foo') | ||
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console.log('response received', statusCode) | ||
console.log('headers', headers) | ||
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for await (const data of body) { | ||
console.log('data', data) | ||
} | ||
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console.log('trailers', trailers) | ||
``` | ||
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Using [the body mixin from the Fetch Standard](https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#body-mixin). | ||
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```js | ||
import { request } from 'undici' | ||
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const { | ||
statusCode, | ||
headers, | ||
trailers, | ||
body | ||
} = await request('http://localhost:3000/foo') | ||
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console.log('response received', statusCode) | ||
console.log('headers', headers) | ||
console.log('data', await body.json()) | ||
console.log('trailers', trailers) | ||
``` | ||
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## Common API Methods | ||
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This section documents our most commonly used API methods. Additional APIs are documented in their own files within the [docs](./docs/) folder and are accessible via the navigation list on the left side of the docs site. | ||
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### `undici.request([url, options]): Promise` | ||
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Arguments: | ||
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* **url** `string | URL | UrlObject` | ||
* **options** [`RequestOptions`](./docs/api/Dispatcher.md#parameter-requestoptions) | ||
* **dispatcher** `Dispatcher` - Default: [getGlobalDispatcher](#undicigetglobaldispatcher) | ||
* **method** `String` - Default: `PUT` if `options.body`, otherwise `GET` | ||
* **maxRedirections** `Integer` - Default: `0` | ||
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Returns a promise with the result of the `Dispatcher.request` method. | ||
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Calls `options.dispatcher.request(options)`. | ||
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See [Dispatcher.request](./docs/api/Dispatcher.md#dispatcherrequestoptions-callback) for more details. | ||
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### `undici.stream([url, options, ]factory): Promise` | ||
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Arguments: | ||
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* **url** `string | URL | UrlObject` | ||
* **options** [`StreamOptions`](./docs/api/Dispatcher.md#parameter-streamoptions) | ||
* **dispatcher** `Dispatcher` - Default: [getGlobalDispatcher](#undicigetglobaldispatcher) | ||
* **method** `String` - Default: `PUT` if `options.body`, otherwise `GET` | ||
* **maxRedirections** `Integer` - Default: `0` | ||
* **factory** `Dispatcher.stream.factory` | ||
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Returns a promise with the result of the `Dispatcher.stream` method. | ||
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Calls `options.dispatcher.stream(options, factory)`. | ||
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See [Dispatcher.stream](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#dispatcherstreamoptions-factory-callback) for more details. | ||
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### `undici.pipeline([url, options, ]handler): Duplex` | ||
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Arguments: | ||
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* **url** `string | URL | UrlObject` | ||
* **options** [`PipelineOptions`](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#parameter-pipelineoptions) | ||
* **dispatcher** `Dispatcher` - Default: [getGlobalDispatcher](#undicigetglobaldispatcher) | ||
* **method** `String` - Default: `PUT` if `options.body`, otherwise `GET` | ||
* **maxRedirections** `Integer` - Default: `0` | ||
* **handler** `Dispatcher.pipeline.handler` | ||
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Returns: `stream.Duplex` | ||
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Calls `options.dispatch.pipeline(options, handler)`. | ||
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See [Dispatcher.pipeline](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#dispatcherpipelineoptions-handler) for more details. | ||
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### `undici.connect([url, options]): Promise` | ||
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Starts two-way communications with the requested resource using [HTTP CONNECT](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Methods/CONNECT). | ||
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Arguments: | ||
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* **url** `string | URL | UrlObject` | ||
* **options** [`ConnectOptions`](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#parameter-connectoptions) | ||
* **dispatcher** `Dispatcher` - Default: [getGlobalDispatcher](#undicigetglobaldispatcher) | ||
* **maxRedirections** `Integer` - Default: `0` | ||
* **callback** `(err: Error | null, data: ConnectData | null) => void` (optional) | ||
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Returns a promise with the result of the `Dispatcher.connect` method. | ||
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Calls `options.dispatch.connect(options)`. | ||
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See [Dispatcher.connect](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#dispatcherconnectoptions-callback) for more details. | ||
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### `undici.fetch(input[, init]): Promise` | ||
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Implements [fetch](https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#fetch-method). | ||
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* https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/fetch | ||
* https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#fetch-method | ||
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Only supported on Node 16.5+. | ||
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This is [experimental](https://nodejs.org/api/documentation.html#documentation_stability_index) and is not yet fully compliant with the Fetch Standard. | ||
We plan to ship breaking changes to this feature until it is out of experimental. | ||
Help us improve the test coverage by following instructions at [nodejs/undici/#951](https://github.com/nodejs/undici/issues/951). | ||
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Basic usage example: | ||
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```js | ||
import {fetch} from 'undici'; | ||
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async function fetchJson() { | ||
const res = await fetch('https://example.com') | ||
const json = await res.json() | ||
console.log(json); | ||
} | ||
``` | ||
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#### `request.body` | ||
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A body can be of the following types: | ||
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- ArrayBuffer | ||
- ArrayBufferView | ||
- AsyncIterables | ||
- Blob | ||
- Iterables | ||
- String | ||
- URLSearchParams | ||
- FormData | ||
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In this implementation of fetch, ```request.body``` now accepts ```Async Iterables```. It is not present in the [Fetch Standard.](https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org) | ||
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```js | ||
import { fetch } from "undici"; | ||
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const data = { | ||
async *[Symbol.asyncIterator]() { | ||
yield "hello"; | ||
yield "world"; | ||
}, | ||
}; | ||
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(async () => { | ||
await fetch("https://example.com", { body: data, method: 'POST' }); | ||
})(); | ||
``` | ||
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#### `response.body` | ||
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Nodejs has two kinds of streams: [web streams](https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v16.x/docs/api/webstreams.html) which follow the API of the WHATWG web standard found in browsers, and an older Node-specific [streams API](https://nodejs.org/api/stream.html). `response.body` returns a readable web stream. If you would prefer to work with a Node stream you can convert a web stream using `.fromWeb()`. | ||
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```js | ||
import {fetch} from 'undici'; | ||
import {Readable} from 'node:stream'; | ||
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async function fetchStream() { | ||
const response = await fetch('https://example.com') | ||
const readableWebStream = response.body; | ||
const readableNodeStream = Readable.fromWeb(readableWebStream); | ||
} | ||
``` | ||
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#### Specification Compliance | ||
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This section documents parts of the [Fetch Standard](https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org) which Undici does | ||
not support or does not fully implement. | ||
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##### Garbage Collection | ||
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* https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#garbage-collection | ||
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The [Fetch Standard](https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org) allows users to skip consuming the response body by relying on | ||
[garbage collection](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Memory_Management#garbage_collection) to release connection resources. Undici does not do the same. Therefore, it is important to always either consume or cancel the response body. | ||
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Garbage collection in Node is less aggressive and deterministic | ||
(due to the lack of clear idle periods that browser have through the rendering refresh rate) | ||
which means that leaving the release of connection resources to the garbage collector can lead | ||
to excessive connection usage, reduced performance (due to less connection re-use), and even | ||
stalls or deadlocks when running out of connections. | ||
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```js | ||
// Do | ||
const headers = await fetch(url) | ||
.then(async res => { | ||
for await (const chunk of res.body) { | ||
// force consumption of body | ||
} | ||
return res.headers | ||
}) | ||
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// Do not | ||
const headers = await fetch(url) | ||
.then(res => res.headers) | ||
``` | ||
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### `undici.upgrade([url, options]): Promise` | ||
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Upgrade to a different protocol. See [MDN - HTTP - Protocol upgrade mechanism](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Protocol_upgrade_mechanism) for more details. | ||
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Arguments: | ||
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* **url** `string | URL | UrlObject` | ||
* **options** [`UpgradeOptions`](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#parameter-upgradeoptions) | ||
* **dispatcher** `Dispatcher` - Default: [getGlobalDispatcher](#undicigetglobaldispatcher) | ||
* **maxRedirections** `Integer` - Default: `0` | ||
* **callback** `(error: Error | null, data: UpgradeData) => void` (optional) | ||
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Returns a promise with the result of the `Dispatcher.upgrade` method. | ||
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Calls `options.dispatcher.upgrade(options)`. | ||
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See [Dispatcher.upgrade](docs/api/Dispatcher.md#dispatcherupgradeoptions-callback) for more details. | ||
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### `undici.setGlobalDispatcher(dispatcher)` | ||
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* dispatcher `Dispatcher` | ||
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Sets the global dispatcher used by Common API Methods. | ||
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### `undici.getGlobalDispatcher()` | ||
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Gets the global dispatcher used by Common API Methods. | ||
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Returns: `Dispatcher` | ||
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### `UrlObject` | ||
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* **port** `string | number` (optional) | ||
* **path** `string` (optional) | ||
* **pathname** `string` (optional) | ||
* **hostname** `string` (optional) | ||
* **origin** `string` (optional) | ||
* **protocol** `string` (optional) | ||
* **search** `string` (optional) | ||
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## Specification Compliance | ||
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This section documents parts of the HTTP/1.1 specification which Undici does | ||
not support or does not fully implement. | ||
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### Expect | ||
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Undici does not support the `Expect` request header field. The request | ||
body is always immediately sent and the `100 Continue` response will be | ||
ignored. | ||
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Refs: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-5.1.1 | ||
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### Pipelining | ||
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Undici will only use pipelining if configured with a `pipelining` factor | ||
greater than `1`. | ||
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Undici always assumes that connections are persistent and will immediately | ||
pipeline requests, without checking whether the connection is persistent. | ||
Hence, automatic fallback to HTTP/1.0 or HTTP/1.1 without pipelining is | ||
not supported. | ||
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Undici will immediately pipeline when retrying requests after a failed | ||
connection. However, Undici will not retry the first remaining requests in | ||
the prior pipeline and instead error the corresponding callback/promise/stream. | ||
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Undici will abort all running requests in the pipeline when any of them are | ||
aborted. | ||
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* Refs: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-8.1.2.2 | ||
* Refs: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-6.3.2 | ||
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### Manual Redirect | ||
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Since it is not possible to manually follow an HTTP redirect on server-side, | ||
Undici returns the actual response instead of an `opaqueredirect` filtered one | ||
when invoked with a `manual` redirect. This aligns `fetch()` with the other | ||
implementations in Deno and Cloudflare Workers. | ||
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Refs: https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#atomic-http-redirect-handling | ||
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## Collaborators | ||
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* [__Daniele Belardi__](https://github.com/dnlup), <https://www.npmjs.com/~dnlup> | ||
* [__Ethan Arrowood__](https://github.com/ethan-arrowood), <https://www.npmjs.com/~ethan_arrowood> | ||
* [__Matteo Collina__](https://github.com/mcollina), <https://www.npmjs.com/~matteo.collina> | ||
* [__Robert Nagy__](https://github.com/ronag), <https://www.npmjs.com/~ronag> | ||
* [__Szymon Marczak__](https://github.com/szmarczak), <https://www.npmjs.com/~szmarczak> | ||
* [__Tomas Della Vedova__](https://github.com/delvedor), <https://www.npmjs.com/~delvedor> | ||
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### Releasers | ||
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* [__Ethan Arrowood__](https://github.com/ethan-arrowood), <https://www.npmjs.com/~ethan_arrowood> | ||
* [__Matteo Collina__](https://github.com/mcollina), <https://www.npmjs.com/~matteo.collina> | ||
* [__Robert Nagy__](https://github.com/ronag), <https://www.npmjs.com/~ronag> | ||
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## License | ||
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MIT |
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