bootstrap: use correct descriptor for Symbol.{dispose,asyncDispose}

Followup to #48518; fixes #48699

PR-URL: #48703
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Nitzan Uziely <linkgoron@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Moshe Atlow <moshe@atlow.co.il>
Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>

lib/internal/process/pre_execution.js

@@ -128,9 +128,26 @@ function prepareExecution(options) {
 function setupSymbolDisposePolyfill() {
   // TODO(MoLow): Remove this polyfill once Symbol.dispose and Symbol.asyncDispose are available in V8.
   // eslint-disable-next-line node-core/prefer-primordials
-  Symbol.dispose ??= SymbolDispose;
+  if (typeof Symbol.dispose !== 'symbol') {
+    ObjectDefineProperty(Symbol, 'dispose', {
+      __proto__: null,
+      configurable: false,
+      enumerable: false,
+      value: SymbolDispose,
+      writable: false,
+    });
+  }
+
   // eslint-disable-next-line node-core/prefer-primordials
-  Symbol.asyncDispose ??= SymbolAsyncDispose;
+  if (typeof Symbol.asyncDispose !== 'symbol') {
+    ObjectDefineProperty(Symbol, 'asyncDispose', {
+      __proto__: null,
+      configurable: false,
+      enumerable: false,
+      value: SymbolAsyncDispose,
+      writable: false,
+    });
+  }
 }
 
 function setupUserModules(isLoaderWorker = false) {