Merge pull request torvalds#544 from wedsonaf/driver

rust: add `driver` module.

rust/kernel/driver.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+//! Generic support for drivers of different buses (e.g., PCI, Platform, Amba, etc.).
+//!
+//! Each bus/subsystem is expected to implement [`DriverOps`], which allows drivers to register
+//! using the [`Registration`] class.
+
+use crate::{str::CStr, Error, KernelModule, Result, ScopeGuard, ThisModule};
+use alloc::{boxed::Box, vec::Vec};
+use core::{cell::UnsafeCell, mem::MaybeUninit, pin::Pin};
+
+/// A subsystem (e.g., PCI, Platform, Amba, etc.) that allows drivers to be written for it.
+pub trait DriverOps {
+    /// The type that holds information about the registration. This is typically a struct defined
+    /// by the C portion of the kernel.
+    type RegType: Default;
+
+    /// The type that holds identification data for the devices supported by the driver. In
+    /// addition to the information required by the bus, it may also store device-specific data
+    /// using Rust types.
+    type IdType: 'static;
+
+    /// The table of ids containing all supported devices.
+    const ID_TABLE: &'static [Self::IdType];
+
+    /// The raw type that holds identification data for the devices supported by the driver. This
+    /// is typically a struct defined by the C portion of the kernel.
+    ///
+    /// A zero-terminated array of this type is produced and passed to the C portion during
+    /// registration.
+    type RawIdType;
+
+    /// Registers a driver.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `reg` must point to valid, initialised, and writable memory. It may be modified by this
+    /// function to hold registration state.
+    ///
+    /// `id_table` must point to a valid for read zero-terminated array of IDs.
+    ///
+    /// On success, `reg` and `id_table` must remain pinned and valid until the matching call to
+    /// [`DriverOps::unregister`].
+    unsafe fn register(
+        reg: *mut Self::RegType,
+        name: &'static CStr,
+        id_table: *const Self::RawIdType,
+    ) -> Result;
+
+    /// Unregisters a driver previously registered with [`DriverOps::register`].
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `reg` must point to valid writable memory, initialised by a previous successful call to
+    /// [`DriverOps::register`].
+    unsafe fn unregister(reg: *mut Self::RegType);
+
+    /// Converts an id into a raw id.
+    ///
+    /// This is used when building a zero-terminated array from the Rust array.
+    fn to_raw_id(index: usize, id: &Self::IdType) -> Self::RawIdType;
+}
+
+/// The registration of a driver.
+pub struct Registration<T: DriverOps> {
+    is_registered: bool,
+    concrete_reg: UnsafeCell<T::RegType>,
+    id_table: Vec<MaybeUninit<T::RawIdType>>,
+}
+
+// SAFETY: `Registration` has no fields or methods accessible via `&Registration`, so it is safe to
+// share references to it with multiple threads as nothing can be done.
+unsafe impl<T: DriverOps> Sync for Registration<T> {}
+
+impl<T: DriverOps> Registration<T> {
+    /// Creates a new instance of the registration object.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            is_registered: false,
+            concrete_reg: UnsafeCell::new(T::RegType::default()),
+            id_table: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Allocates a pinned registration object and registers it.
+    ///
+    /// Returns a pinned heap-allocated representation of the registration.
+    pub fn new_pinned(name: &'static CStr) -> Result<Pin<Box<Self>>> {
+        let mut reg = Pin::from(Box::try_new(Self::new())?);
+        reg.as_mut().register(name)?;
+        Ok(reg)
+    }
+
+    /// Registers a driver with its subsystem.
+    ///
+    /// It must be pinned because the memory block that represents the registration is potentially
+    /// self-referential.
+    pub fn register(self: Pin<&mut Self>, name: &'static CStr) -> Result {
+        // SAFETY: We never move out of `this`.
+        let this = unsafe { self.get_unchecked_mut() };
+        if this.is_registered {
+            // Already registered.
+            return Err(Error::EINVAL);
+        }
+
+        if this.id_table.is_empty() {
+            this.build_table()?;
+        }
+
+        // SAFETY: `concrete_reg` was initialised via its default constructor. `id_table` was just
+        // initialised above with a zero terminating entry. Both are only freed after `Self::drop`
+        // is called, which first calls `T::unregister`.
+        unsafe {
+            T::register(
+                this.concrete_reg.get(),
+                name,
+                &this.id_table[0] as *const _ as *const _,
+            )
+        }?;
+
+        this.is_registered = true;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Builds the zero-terminated raw-type array of supported devices.
+    ///
+    /// This is not ideal because the table is built at runtime. Once Rust fully supports const
+    /// generics, we can build the table at compile time.
+    fn build_table(&mut self) -> Result {
+        // Clear the table on failure, to indicate that the table isn't initialised.
+        let mut table = ScopeGuard::new_with_data(&mut self.id_table, |t| t.clear());
+
+        table.try_reserve_exact(T::ID_TABLE.len() + 1)?;
+        for (i, id) in T::ID_TABLE.iter().enumerate() {
+            table.try_push(MaybeUninit::new(T::to_raw_id(i, id)))?;
+        }
+        table.try_push(MaybeUninit::zeroed())?;
+        table.dismiss();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DriverOps> Default for Registration<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DriverOps> Drop for Registration<T> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if self.is_registered {
+            // SAFETY: This path only runs if a previous call to `T::register` completed
+            // successfully.
+            unsafe { T::unregister(self.concrete_reg.get()) };
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Custom code within device removal.
+pub trait DeviceRemoval {
+    /// Cleans resources up when the device is removed.
+    ///
+    /// This is called when a device is removed and offers implementers the chance to run some code
+    /// that cleans state up.
+    fn device_remove(&self);
+}
+
+/// A kernel module that only registers the given driver on init.
+///
+/// This is a helper struct to make it easier to define single-functionality modules, in this case,
+/// modules that offer a single driver.
+pub struct Module<T: DriverOps> {
+    _driver: Pin<Box<Registration<T>>>,
+}
+
+impl<T: DriverOps> KernelModule for Module<T> {
+    fn init(name: &'static CStr, _module: &'static ThisModule) -> Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            _driver: Registration::new_pinned(name)?,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Declares a kernel module that exposes a single driver.
+///
+/// It is meant to be used as a helper by other subsystems so they can more easily expose their own
+/// macros.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! module_driver {
+    (<$gen_type:ident>, $driver_ops:ty, { type: $type:ty, $($f:tt)* }) => {
+        type Ops<$gen_type> = $driver_ops;
+        type ModuleType = $crate::driver::Module<Ops<$type>>;
+        $crate::prelude::module! {
+            type: ModuleType,
+            $($f)*
+        }
+    }
+}

rust/kernel/lib.rs

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ pub mod bindings;
 pub mod buffer;
 pub mod c_types;
 pub mod chrdev;
+pub mod driver;
 mod error;
 pub mod file;
 pub mod file_operations;