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Add MetricReader interface (#1888)
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* add MetricReader interface

* fix link

* add the base exporting metricreader

* update diagram

* clarify reentrancy for OnCollect

* describe how MetricReader is registered to MeterProvider

* Update specification/metrics/sdk.md

Co-authored-by: John Watson <jkwatson@gmail.com>

* Update specification/metrics/sdk.md

Co-authored-by: John Watson <jkwatson@gmail.com>

* update toc

* address review comments

* fix heading

* fix typo

* add clarification and example for multiple readers

* update the PR based on discussion during the SIG meeting

* cleanup

* cleanup

* clarify the wording

* adjust wording for pull exporter

* remove base exporting metric reader, mention that it can be an option but not required

* change default exporting interval to 60sec

Co-authored-by: John Watson <jkwatson@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Joshua MacDonald <jmacd@users.noreply.github.com>
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3 people authored Sep 9, 2021
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160 changes: 134 additions & 26 deletions specification/metrics/sdk.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ Table of Contents
* [MeterProvider](#meterprovider)
* [Attribute Limits](#attribute-limits)
* [MeasurementProcessor](#measurementprocessor)
* [MetricReader](#metricreader)
* [Periodic exporting MetricReader](#periodic-exporting-metricreader)
* [MetricExporter](#metricexporter)
* [Push Metric Exporter](#push-metric-exporter)
* [Pull Metric Exporter](#pull-metric-exporter)
Expand All @@ -49,10 +51,10 @@ to create an
instance which is stored on the created `Meter`.

Configuration (i.e., [MeasurementProcessors](#measurementprocessor),
[MetricExporters](#metricexporter) and [`Views`](#view)) MUST be managed solely
by the `MeterProvider` and the SDK MUST provide a way to configure all options
that are implemented by the SDK. This MAY be done at the time of MeterProvider
creation if appropriate.
[MetricExporters](#metricexporter), [MetricReaders](#metricreader) and
[Views](#view)) MUST be managed solely by the `MeterProvider` and the SDK MUST
provide a way to configure all options that are implemented by the SDK. This MAY
be done at the time of MeterProvider creation if appropriate.

The `MeterProvider` MAY provide methods to update the configuration. If
configuration is updated (e.g., adding a `MeasurementProcessor`), the updated
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -185,26 +187,26 @@ meter_provider
"Bar",
instrument_name="Y",
aggregation=HistogramAggregation(buckets=[5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100.0]))
.set_exporter(PrometheusExporter())
.add_metric_reader(PeriodicExportingMetricReader(ConsoleExporter()))
```

```python
# all the metrics will be exported using the default configuration
meter_provider.set_exporter(ConsoleExporter())
meter_provider.add_metric_reader(PeriodicExportingMetricReader(ConsoleExporter()))
```

```python
# all the metrics will be exported using the default configuration
meter_provider
.add_view("*") # a wildcard view that matches everything
.set_exporter(ConsoleExporter())
.add_metric_reader(PeriodicExportingMetricReader(ConsoleExporter()))
```

```python
# Counter X will be exported as cumulative sum
meter_provider
.add_view("X", aggregation=SumAggregation(CUMULATIVE))
.set_exporter(ConsoleExporter())
.add_metric_reader(PeriodicExportingMetricReader(ConsoleExporter()))
```

```python
Expand All @@ -213,7 +215,7 @@ meter_provider
meter_provider
.add_view("X", aggregation=SumAggregation(DELTA))
.add_view("*", attribute_keys=["a", "b"])
.set_exporter(ConsoleExporter())
.add_metric_reader(PeriodicExportingMetricReader(ConsoleExporter()))
```

### Aggregation
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -526,6 +528,72 @@ measurements using the equivalent of the following naive algorithm:
return boundaries.length
```

## MetricReader

`MetricReader` is an interface which provides the following capabilities:

* Collecting metrics from the SDK.
* Handling the [ForceFlush](#forceflush) and [Shutdown](#shutdown) signals from
the SDK.

The SDK MUST support multiple `MetricReader` instances to be registered on the
same `MeterProvider`, and the [MetricReader.Collect](#collect) invocation on one
`MetricReader` instance SHOULD NOT introduce side-effects to other `MetricReader`
instances. For example, if a `MetricReader` instance is receiving metric data
points that have [delta temporality](./datamodel.md#temporality), it is expected
that SDK will update the time range - e.g. from (T<sub>n</sub>, T<sub>n+1</sub>]
to (T<sub>n+1</sub>, T<sub>n+2</sub>] - **ONLY** for this particular
`MetricReader` instance.

```text
+-----------------+ +--------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> MetricReader |
| | | |
+-----------------+ +--------------+
+-----------------+ +--------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> MetricReader |
| | | |
+-----------------+ +--------------+
```

The SDK SHOULD provide a way to allow `MetricReader` to respond to
[MeterProvider.ForceFlush](#forceflush) and [MeterProvider.Shutdown](#shutdown).
Individual language clients can decide the language idiomatic approach, for
example, as `OnForceFlush` and `OnShutdown` callback functions.

### MetricReader operations

#### Collect

Collects the metrics from the SDK. If there are [asynchronous
Instruments](./api.md#asynchronous-instrument) involved, their callback
functions will be triggered.

`Collect` SHOULD provide a way to let the caller know whether it succeeded,
failed or timed out.

`Collect` does not have any required parameters, however, individual language
clients MAY choose to add parameters (e.g. callback, filter, timeout).
Individual language clients MAY choose the return value type, or do not return
anything.

### Periodic exporting MetricReader

This is an implementation of the `MetricReader` which collects metrics based on
a user-configurable time interval, and passes the metrics to the configured
[Push Metric Exporter](#push-metric-exporter).

Configurable parameters:

* `exporter` - the push exporter where the metrics are sent to.
* `exportIntervalMillis` - the time interval in milliseconds between two
consecutive exports. The default value is 60000 (milliseconds).
* `exportTimeoutMillis` - how long the export can run before it is cancelled.
The default value is 30000 (milliseconds).

## MetricExporter

`MetricExporter` defines the interface that protocol-specific exporters MUST
Expand All @@ -536,23 +604,6 @@ The goal of the interface is to minimize burden of implementation for
protocol-dependent telemetry exporters. The protocol exporter is expected to be
primarily a simple telemetry data encoder and transmitter.

The following diagram shows `MetricExporter`'s relationship to other components
in the SDK:

```text
+-----------------+ +-----------------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> MetricExporter (push) +--> Another process
| | | |
+-----------------+ +-----------------------+
+-----------------+ +-----------------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> MetricExporter (pull) +--> Another process (scraper)
| | | |
+-----------------+ +-----------------------+
```

Metric Exporter has access to the [pre-aggregated metrics
data](./datamodel.md#timeseries-model).

Expand All @@ -574,6 +625,23 @@ Push Metric Exporter sends the data on its own schedule. Here are some examples:
* Sends the data based on a user configured schedule, e.g. every 1 minute.
* Sends the data when there is a severe error.

The following diagram shows `Push Metric Exporter`'s relationship to other
components in the SDK:

```text
+-----------------+ +---------------------------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> Periodic exporting MetricReader |
| | | |
+-----------------+ | +-----------------------+ |
| | | |
| | MetricExporter (push) +-------> Another process
| | | |
| +-----------------------+ |
| |
+---------------------------------+
```

#### Interface Definition

A Push Metric Exporter MUST support the following functions:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -650,6 +718,46 @@ Pull Metric Exporter reacts to the metrics scrapers and reports the data
passively. This pattern has been widely adopted by
[Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/).

Unlike [Push Metric Exporter](#push-metric-exporter) which can send data on its
own schedule, pull exporter can only send the data when it is being asked by the
scraper, and `ForceFlush` would not make sense.

Implementors MAY choose the best idiomatic design for their language. For
example, they could generalize the [Push Metric Exporter
interface](#push-metric-exporter) design and use that for consistency, they
could model the pull exporter as [MetricReader](#metricreader), or they could
design a completely different pull exporter interface.

The following diagram gives some examples on how `Pull Metric Exporter` can be
modeled to interact with other components in the SDK:

* Model the pull exporter as MetricReader

```text
+-----------------+ +-----------------------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> PrometheusExporter (pull) +---> Another process (scraper)
| | | (modeled as a MetricReader) |
+-----------------+ | |
+-----------------------------+
```

* Use the same MetricExporter design for both push and pull exporters

```text
+-----------------+ +-----------------------------+
| | Metrics... | |
| In-memory state +------------> Base exporting MetricReader |
| | | |
+-----------------+ | +-----------------------+ |
| | | |
| | MetricExporter (pull) +------> Another process (scraper)
| | | |
| +-----------------------+ |
| |
+-----------------------------+
```

## Defaults and Configuration

The SDK MUST provide the following configuration parameters for Exemplar
Expand Down

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