build: adds ubuntu-24.04

[pomegranited]

Description

Adds ubuntu-24.04 to the list of OS used to run CI and migrations checks.

Where only one OS ubuntu-20.04 is configured, replaces it with ubuntu-24.04`.

Supporting Information

Closes #259

Testing

Tests passing here should be enough to merge this change, and a successful release to pypi will test the rest.

[openedx-webhooks]

Thanks for the pull request, @pomegranited!

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