Implement microbenchmark for FileCache (#6610) (#6886)

The current implementation of the FileCache uses some hand-rolled data
structures that would be nice to replace with library implementations.
This benchmark will be useful to compare the performance of any future
replacements.

Sample results (AWS EC2 Ubuntu machine with 32 vCPUs and 64GB of RAM):

```
Benchmark                   (concurrencyLevel)  (maximumNumberOfEntries)   Mode  Cnt      Score   Error   Units
FileCacheBenchmark.get                       1                     65536  thrpt        2243.092          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.get                       1                   1048576  thrpt         950.818          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.get                       8                     65536  thrpt        5651.150          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.get                       8                   1048576  thrpt        2831.012          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.put                       1                     65536  thrpt        2206.027          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.put                       1                   1048576  thrpt         921.248          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.put                       8                     65536  thrpt        4421.122          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.put                       8                   1048576  thrpt        2624.550          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.remove                    1                     65536  thrpt       12387.999          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.remove                    1                   1048576  thrpt        6324.643          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.remove                    8                     65536  thrpt       22161.031          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.remove                    8                   1048576  thrpt       14826.586          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.replace                   1                     65536  thrpt        2146.572          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.replace                   1                   1048576  thrpt         947.612          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.replace                   8                     65536  thrpt        4405.339          ops/ms
FileCacheBenchmark.replace                   8                   1048576  thrpt        2707.204          ops/ms
```


(cherry picked from commit 5eed61e)

Signed-off-by: Andrew Ross <andrross@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: github-actions[bot] <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

benchmarks/src/main/java/org/opensearch/benchmark/store/remote/filecache/FileCacheBenchmark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ *
+ * The OpenSearch Contributors require contributions made to
+ * this file be licensed under the Apache-2.0 license or a
+ * compatible open source license.
+ */
+
+package org.opensearch.benchmark.store.remote.filecache;
+
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.apache.lucene.store.IndexInput;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Param;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Setup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Threads;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+import org.opensearch.index.store.remote.filecache.CachedIndexInput;
+import org.opensearch.index.store.remote.filecache.FileCache;
+import org.opensearch.index.store.remote.filecache.FileCacheFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Simple benchmark test of {@link FileCache}. It uses a uniform random distribution
+ * of keys, which is very simple but unlikely to be representative of any real life
+ * workload.
+ */
+@Warmup(iterations = 1)
+@Measurement(iterations = 1)
+@Fork(1)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.Throughput)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Threads(8)
+@SuppressWarnings("unused") // invoked by benchmarking framework
+public class FileCacheBenchmark {
+    private static final CachedIndexInput INDEX_INPUT = new FixedSizeStubIndexInput();
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void get(CacheParameters parameters, Blackhole blackhole) {
+        blackhole.consume(parameters.fileCache.get(randomKeyInCache(parameters)));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void replace(CacheParameters parameters, Blackhole blackhole) {
+        blackhole.consume(parameters.fileCache.put(randomKeyInCache(parameters), INDEX_INPUT));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void put(CacheParameters parameters, Blackhole blackhole) {
+        blackhole.consume(parameters.fileCache.put(randomKeyNotInCache(parameters), INDEX_INPUT));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void remove(CacheParameters parameters) {
+        parameters.fileCache.remove(randomKeyInCache(parameters));
+    }
+
+    private static Path randomKeyInCache(CacheParameters parameters) {
+        int i = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(parameters.maximumNumberOfEntries);
+        return Paths.get(Integer.toString(i));
+    }
+
+    private static Path randomKeyNotInCache(CacheParameters parameters) {
+        int i = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(parameters.maximumNumberOfEntries, parameters.maximumNumberOfEntries * 2);
+        return Paths.get(Integer.toString(i));
+    }
+
+    @State(Scope.Benchmark)
+    public static class CacheParameters {
+        @Param({ "65536", "1048576" })
+        int maximumNumberOfEntries;
+
+        @Param({ "1", "8" })
+        int concurrencyLevel;
+
+        FileCache fileCache;
+
+        @Setup
+        public void setup() {
+            fileCache = FileCacheFactory.createConcurrentLRUFileCache(
+                (long) maximumNumberOfEntries * INDEX_INPUT.length(),
+                concurrencyLevel
+            );
+            for (long i = 0; i < maximumNumberOfEntries; i++) {
+                final Path key = Paths.get(Long.toString(i));
+                fileCache.put(key, INDEX_INPUT);
+                fileCache.decRef(key);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stubbed out IndexInput that does nothing but report a fixed size
+     */
+    private static class FixedSizeStubIndexInput extends CachedIndexInput {
+        private FixedSizeStubIndexInput() {
+            super(FixedSizeStubIndexInput.class.getSimpleName());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isClosed() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {}
+
+        @Override
+        public long getFilePointer() {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void seek(long pos) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long length() {
+            return 1024 * 1024 * 8; // 8MiB
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public IndexInput slice(String sliceDescription, long offset, long length) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public byte readByte() {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void readBytes(byte[] b, int offset, int len) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+    }
+}