[Backport 2.x] Refactor client's getDetectorProfile to use GetAnomalyDetectorTransportAction (#1124)

[ohltyler]

Description

Manual backport of #1124. Needed due to import refactoring done on 3.x.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 7 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (4e6ca48) 79.68% compared to head (9281491) 79.67%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##                2.x    #1125      +/-   ##
============================================
- Coverage     79.68%   79.67%   -0.02%     
- Complexity     4353     4357       +4     
============================================
  Files           309      309              
  Lines         18202    18207       +5     
  Branches       1909     1909              
============================================
+ Hits          14505    14506       +1     
- Misses         2788     2790       +2     
- Partials        909      911       +2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
plugin	79.67% <56.25%> (-0.02%)	⬇️

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Files	Coverage Δ
...g/opensearch/ad/client/AnomalyDetectionClient.java	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ensearch/ad/client/AnomalyDetectionNodeClient.java	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...earch/ad/transport/GetAnomalyDetectorResponse.java	81.30% <12.50%> (-5.57%)	⬇️

... and 6 files with indirect coverage changes