feat: claims from userinfo endpoint

[hperl]

Related issue(s)

Fixes https://github.com/ory-corp/cloud/issues/5599

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guidelines.
• I have referenced an issue containing the design document if my change
  introduces a new feature.
• I am following the
  contributing code guidelines.
• I have read the security policy.
• I confirm that this pull request does not address a security
  vulnerability. If this pull request addresses a security vulnerability, I
  confirm that I got the approval (please contact
  security@ory.sh) from the maintainers to push
  the changes.
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature
  works.
• I have added or changed the documentation.

Further Comments

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 10 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (549308d) 78.34% compared to head (c1c809f) 78.33%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
selfservice/strategy/oidc/provider_generic_oidc.go	79.16%	5 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #3718      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   78.34%   78.33%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         347      347              
  Lines       23765    23808      +43     
==========================================
+ Hits        18619    18650      +31     
- Misses       3743     3749       +6     
- Partials     1403     1409       +6     

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[alnr]

LGTM

[aeneasr]

Please add one test to ensure we don't have SSRF. Otherwise LGTM!

[hperl]

Please add one test to ensure we don't have SSRF. Otherwise LGTM!

Test is here: https://github.com/ory/kratos/pull/3718/files#diff-34afe837dee17ff4a5ed4b81037a684d93d6ee3d067cbbdd9b8e176f812af6aaR60