To resolve the 'client_id' error when making asynchronous calls, you need to pass the parameter 'cid' from outside into the on_play/stop/unpublish functions. This can be achieved by modifying the code as follows: python def on_play(cid): # Your code here # Use the 'cid' parameter to resolve the 'client_id' error def on_stop(cid): # Your code here # Use the 'cid' parameter to resolve the 'client_id' error def on_unpublish(cid): # Your code here # Use the 'cid' parameter to resolve the 'client_id' error By passing the 'cid' parameter from outside, you can access it within the on_play/stop/unpublish functions and use it to resolve the 'client_id' error. #2639