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Merge pull request #1110 from jnfoster/v1.2.3-rc
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Initial release candidate for v1.2.3
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jnfoster authored Jul 11, 2022
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Title : P4~16~ Language Specification
Title Note: version 1.2.2
Title Note: version 1.2.3
Title Footer: &date;
Author: The P4 Language Consortium
Heading depth: 5
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font-family: LuxiMono;
font-size: 75%;
}
table {
breakable: true;
}
}

Colorizer: p4
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non-negative integer. When using an expression for
the size, the expression must be parenthesized. Bitstrings with width 0 are
allowed; they have no actual bits, and can only have the value 0. See
{ #sec-uninitialized-values-and-writing-invalid-headers } for additional details.
[#sec-uninitialized-values-and-writing-invalid-headers] for additional details.

~ Begin P4Example
const bit<32> x = 10; // 32-bit constant with value 10.
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Evaluation may create multiple instances from one type, each of which
must have a unique, fully-qualified name.

### Computing control names
### Computing control-plane names

The fully-qualified name of a construct is derived by concatenating
the fully-qualified name of its enclosing construct with its local
Expand All @@ -7609,7 +7612,7 @@ the global scope, have the same local and fully-qualified names. The
local names of controllable entities and enclosing constructs are
derived from the syntax of a P4 program as follows.

#### Value sets { #sec-cp-tables }
#### Value sets { #sec-cp-value-set }
For each `value_set` construct, its syntactic name becomes the local
name of the value set. For example:

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# Appendix: Revision History { #sec-revision-history; @h1:"A" }

|:---{width:12%}---|:---{width:20%}---|:---{width:68%}---|
| **Release** | **Release Date** | **Summary of Changes** |
|-----|-----|-----|
| 1.0.0 | May 17, 2017 | Initial version. |
|-----|-----|-----|
| 1.1.0 | November 26, 2018 | Added top-level functions, optional and named parameters, |
| | | `enum` representations, parser value sets, type definitions, |
| | | saturating arithmetic, and structured annotations. |
| | | Removed `globalname` annotation and added a table `size` property. |
| | | Clarified semantics of operations on invalid headers, added |
| | | restrictions on arguments to calls, and modified precedence of |
| | | bitwise operators. |
|-----|-----|-----|
| 1.2.0 | October 14, 2019 | Added error `ParserInvalidArgument`, order of `const` entries, |
| | | header size methods, 1-bit signed values, signed bit slices, empty |
| | | tuples, `@deprecated` annotation, free-form annotations, `int` type |
| | | `table.apply().miss`, `string` type. |
|-----|-----|-----|
| 1.2.1 | June 11, 2020 | Added structure-value expressions, default values, concatenation, |
| | | structured annotations; standardized several new annotations; |
| | | generalized typing rule for masks; restricted typing rule for |
| | | shifts with infinite-precision operands; clarified evaluation |
| | | order for table keys; clarified copy-out behavior; clarified |
| | | semantics of invalid header stacks; clarified initialization |
| | | semantics; fixed several small issues in grammar. |
|-----|-----|-----|
| 1.2.2 | May 17, 2021 | Added support for tuple access, generic structures, additional |
| | | enumeration types, abstract methods, conditional and empty |
| | | statements in parsers, additional casts, and 0-width types; |
| | | clarified semantics of default actions, headers, empty types, and |
| | | action data; fixed typos and inconsistencies in the grammar. |
|-----|-----|-----|

## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.3

* Allow empty entries lists for tables
* Extended minSizeInBits, and minSizeInBytes to apply to more
expressions (Section [#sec-minsizeinbits]). Added maxSizeInBits and maxSizeInBytes.
* Specify operations on values typed as type variables.

## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.2
## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.3, released July 11, 2022.

* Extended `minSizeInBits` and `minSizeInBytes` to apply to more expressions (Section [#sec-minsizeinbits]).
* Added support for `maxSizeInBits` and `maxSizeInBytes` (Section [#sec-minsizeinbits]).
* Added support for empty lists of const entries in tables (Section [#sec-entries]).
* Added support for `switch` statements in actions (Section [#sec-actions]).
* Added support for direct invocation of controls and parsers (Section [#sec-parameterization]).
* Added parser `value_set` to list of control-plane visible names (Section [#sec-cp-names]).
* Added `match_kind` as a base type (Section [#sec-match-kind-type]).
* Removed structure initializers as they are subsumed by structure-valued expressions (Section [#sec-structure-expressions]).
* Specified operations on values typed as type variables (Section [#sec-type-variable-operations]).
* Clarified semantics of compile-time known values (Section [#sec-ct-constants]).
* Clarified semantics of directionless parameters (Section [#sec-calling-convention]).
* Clarified semantics of infinite precision integers (Section [#sec-infinite-precision-integers]).
* Clarified semantics of bit slices, shifts, and concatenation (Section [#sec-bit-ops]).
* Clarified semantics of optional parameters (Section [#sec-optional-parameters]).
* Clarified restrictions on extern method and function invocation (Section [#sec-calling-restrictions]).
* Clarified semantics of implicit casts (Section [#sec-implicit-casts]).

## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.2, released May 17, 2021

* Added support for accessing tuple fields (Section [#sec-tuple-exprs]).
* Added support for generic structures (Section [#sec-type-spec]).
Expand All @@ -8383,7 +8365,7 @@ The P4 compiler should provide:
* Fixed several typos and inconsistencies in grammar (Section [#sec-grammar]).
* Eliminated annotations on `const` entries in grammar (Section [#sec-grammar]).

## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.1
## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.1, released June 11, 2020

* Added structure-value expressions (Section
[#sec-structure-expressions]).
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -8413,7 +8395,7 @@ The P4 compiler should provide:
allow empty statements in parser (Section [#sec-parser-state-stmt]),
and eliminate annotations on const entries (Section [#sec-entries]).

## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.0
## Summary of changes made in version 1.2.0, released October 14, 2019

* Added `table.apply().miss` (Section [#sec-invoke-mau]).
* Added `string` type (Section [#sec-string-type]).
Expand All @@ -8430,7 +8412,7 @@ The P4 compiler should provide:
* Clarified the significance of order of entries in `const entries` (Section [#sec-entries]).
* Added methods to calculate header size (Section [#sec-ops-on-hdrs]).

## Summary of changes made in version 1.1.0
## Summary of changes made in version 1.1.0, released November 26, 2017.

* Top-level functions (Section [#sec-functions])
- Functions may be declared at the top-level of a P4 program.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -8459,6 +8441,8 @@ The P4 compiler should provide:
* Computed bitwidths (Section [#sec-base-types])
- Added support for specifying widths using expressions in `bit` and `varbit` types.

## Initial version 1.0.0, released May 17, 2017

# Appendix: P4 reserved keywords { #sec-p4-keywords }

The following table shows all P4 reserved keywords. Some identifiers
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