typing annotations

[aaronspring]

Description

• add typing for relevant use cases
• show typing in docs
• add to contribution
• mypy_extensions needed? dont mypy __getattr__
• plot(Any) if plt not installed

Closes #685

To-Do List

Type of change

• Refactoring
• Improved Documentation

How Has This Been Tested?

• mypy

Checklist (while developing)

• I have updated the sphinx documentation, if necessary.
• CHANGELOG is updated with reference to this PR.

References

https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html

[aaronspring]

What if plt not installed

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #692 (1139fa9) into main (c29b4d8) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 97.14%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #692   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   93.86%   93.87%           
=======================================
  Files          58       58           
  Lines        6227     6250   +23     
=======================================
+ Hits         5845     5867   +22     
- Misses        382      383    +1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
climpred/classes.py	94.65% <95.89%> (-0.31%)	⬇️
climpred/checks.py	95.77% <100.00%> (+0.02%)	⬆️
climpred/comparisons.py	99.06% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️
climpred/graphics.py	95.85% <100.00%> (+0.04%)	⬆️
climpred/metrics.py	91.78% <100.00%> (+0.02%)	⬆️
climpred/tests/test_comparisons.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
climpred/versioning/print_versions.py	62.50% <100.00%> (+1.16%)	⬆️

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