Refactor pallet `claims` #12575

Job	Run time
check-dependency-rules	10s
check-fail-ci	15s
check-markdown	18s
check-workspace	23s
preflight / preflight	47s
preflight / ci-versions	1m 4s
fmt	1m 8s
test-rust-features	2m 5s
check-rust-feature-propagation	2m 3s
check-umbrella	2m 20s
check-toml-format	1m 0s
All quick checks passed	1s
	11m 34s

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