*: Implement /upgrade/start and upgrade/finish APIs

[zimulala]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: ref: #45885, close #47172

Problem Summary:
Cherry-pick #45887, #46276, #46425, #46494, #46644

What is changed and how it works?

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot]

This cherry pick PR is for a release branch and has not yet been approved by release team.
Adding the do-not-merge/cherry-pick-not-approved label.

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[tiprow]

Hi @zimulala. Thanks for your PR.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❗ No coverage uploaded for pull request base (release-7.1@8e47816). Click here to learn what that means.
The diff coverage is n/a.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##             release-7.1     #47000   +/-   ##
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  Coverage               ?   73.8998%           
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  Files                  ?       1205           
  Lines                  ?     381860           
  Branches               ?          0           
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  Hits                   ?     282194           
  Misses                 ?      82136           
  Partials               ?      17530           

[zimulala]

PTAL @Benjamin2037 @tangenta

[Benjamin2037]

LGTM

[zimulala]

PTAL @tangenta

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: Benjamin2037, tangenta

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Needs approval from an approver in each of these files:

• OWNERS [tangenta]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2023-09-19 03:12:46.539354578 +0000 UTC m=+573532.506942628: ☑️ agreed by Benjamin2037.
• 2023-10-11 09:19:09.887725959 +0000 UTC m=+1216747.474836105: ☑️ agreed by tangenta.