planner: fix nil pointer at expression.(*CorrelatedColumn).Eval (#42789)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #42789

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #42739

Problem Summary:

What is changed and how it works?

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[CbcWestwolf]

/retest

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❗ No coverage uploaded for pull request base (release-6.5@877198d). Click here to learn what that means.
The diff coverage is n/a.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##             release-6.5     #48976   +/-   ##
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  Lines                  ?     350304           
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  Hits                   ?     258577           
  Misses                 ?      75249           
  Partials               ?      16478           

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: CbcWestwolf, fzzf678

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2023-11-29 01:58:58.678141399 +0000 UTC m=+974367.343367594: ☑️ agreed by CbcWestwolf.
• 2023-11-29 08:31:06.449879324 +0000 UTC m=+997895.115105518: ☑️ agreed by fzzf678.