Add documentation (#2983)

* Add docs
* Add converter and CGMES documentation
* Add simulation and short circuit documentation

Signed-off-by: Coline PILOQUET <coline.piloquet@rte-france.com>

docs/.readthedocs.yaml

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+version: 2
+
+build:
+  os: ubuntu-20.04
+  tools:
+    python: "3.9"
+
+sphinx:
+  configuration: docs/conf.py
+
+python:
+  install:
+    - requirements: docs/requirements.txt

docs/Makefile

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+# Minimal makefile for Sphinx documentation
+#
+
+# You can set these variables from the command line, and also
+# from the environment for the first two.
+SPHINXOPTS    ?=
+SPHINXBUILD   ?= sphinx-build
+SOURCEDIR     = .
+BUILDDIR      = _build
+
+# Put it first so that "make" without argument is like "make help".
+help:
+	@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
+
+.PHONY: help Makefile
+
+
+clean:
+	@echo "Removing $(SOURCEDIR)/reference/api"
+	@rm -rf "$(SOURCEDIR)/reference/api"
+	@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
+
+
+# Catch-all target: route all unknown targets to Sphinx using the new
+# "make mode" option.  $(O) is meant as a shortcut for $(SPHINXOPTS).
+%: Makefile
+	@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)

docs/README.md

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+These are the documentation sources for PowSybl core features.
+
+Please keep them up to date with your developments.  
+They are published on powsybl.readthedocs.io/ and pull requests are built and previewed automatically.
+
+To build the docs locally, run the following commands:
+~~~bash
+pip install -r docs/requirements.txt
+sphinx-build -a docs ./build-docs
+~~~
+Then open `build-docs/index.html` in your browser.

docs/conf.py

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+# Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.
+#
+# This file only contains a selection of the most common options. For a full
+# list see the documentation:
+# https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html
+
+# -- Path setup --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
+# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
+# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
+#
+import os
+import sys
+
+# Path to python sources, for doc generation on readthedocs
+source_path = os.path.abspath('..')
+sys.path.insert(0, source_path)
+print(f'appended {source_path}')
+
+
+# -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------
+
+project = 'powsybl core'
+copyright = '2024, RTE (http://www.rte-france.com)'
+
+
+# -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
+
+# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
+# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
+# ones.
+extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc',
+              'sphinx.ext.autosummary',
+              'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
+              'sphinx.ext.doctest',
+              'sphinx.ext.napoleon',
+              'sphinx.ext.todo',
+              'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
+              'sphinx_tabs.tabs',
+              'myst_parser']
+myst_enable_extensions = [
+    "amsmath",
+    "colon_fence",
+    "dollarmath",
+    "attrs_inline"
+]
+myst_heading_anchors = 6
+
+# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
+templates_path = ['_templates']
+
+# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
+# directories to ignore when looking for source files.
+# This pattern also affects html_static_path and html_extra_path.
+exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']
+
+
+# -- Options for HTML output -------------------------------------------------
+
+# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
+# a list of builtin themes.
+#
+html_theme = "furo"
+
+html_title = 'core'
+html_short_title = 'core'
+
+html_logo = '_static/logos/logo_lfe_powsybl.svg'
+html_favicon = "_static/favicon.ico"
+
+html_context = {
+    # TODO : replace next option with "https://powsybl.readthedocs.org" when website is published
+    "sidebar_logo_href": "https://www.powsybl.org/"
+}
+
+html_theme_options = {
+    # the following 3 lines enable edit button
+    "source_repository": "https://github.com/powsybl/powsybl-core/",
+    "source_branch": "main",
+    "source_directory": "docs/",
+}
+
+# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
+# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
+# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
+html_static_path = ['_static']
+html_css_files = ['styles/styles.css']
+
+todo_include_todos = True
+
+# Links to external documentations : python 3 and pandas
+intersphinx_mapping = {
+}
+intersphinx_disabled_reftypes = ["*"]
+
+# Generate one file per method
+autosummary_generate = True

docs/grid_exchange_formats/ampl/ampl.md

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+# AMPL

docs/grid_exchange_formats/cgmes/examples.md

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+# Examples
+Have a look to the [CGMES sample files](https://www.entsoe.eu/Documents/CIM_documents/Grid_Model_CIM/TestConfigurations_packageCASv2.0.zip)
+from ENTSO-E Test Configurations for Conformity Assessment Scheme v2.0.