Add Julia bindings to vm

[erikscheurer]

The Julia bindings are released now, this PR adds them to the VM.
Installing Julia uses jill.py. This is not an official source, but one that allows for installation in a script without manually confirming as well as automatically using the latest Julia release. The Julialang download site and the Julia versioning manager don't allow for this.

[erikscheurer]

For the Julia bindings we are currently facing an issue with the installation of the bindings in Ubuntu 22.04. Since we are currently working out a solution, I don't have a permanent fix yet. (And you only notice the error when testing the bindings, which is why I included the commented tests here)
For now, the fix seems to be to build preCICE from source (which we do here already) and then start Julia with preloading: LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 ./julia
Should we already include this in this PR?

[MakisH]

For the Julia bindings we are currently facing an issue with the installation of the bindings in Ubuntu 22.04. Since we are currently working out a solution, I don't have a permanent fix yet. (And you only notice the error when testing the bindings, which is why I included the commented tests here) For now, the fix seems to be to build preCICE from source (which we do here already) and then start Julia with preloading: LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 ./julia Should we already include this in this PR?

We generally don't run tests in this VM, to keep the build time as short as possible (it is already pretty long).

Currently, the VM is still using Ubuntu 20.04 and the upcoming release will also use 20.04. So, nothing to do now, but this comment will be relevant for #45.

I guess we need to set LD_PRELOAD every time we start Julia, right? In this case, we could make an alias for julia, to always set this.

[MakisH]

Building currently fails because of the master->main branch renaming of preCICE. I have fixed that in other branches, but I should probably bring the fix to develop. In the meantime, feel free to rename it yourself and trigger the build by marking the PR as draft and then ready for review again.

Edit: I fixed on develop, feel free to rebase.

[MakisH]

Building currently seems to fail at downloading code-aster (unrelated), due to an SSL certificate issue.

[erikscheurer]

Building currently seems to fail at downloading code-aster (unrelated), due to an SSL certificate issue.

Is this something we can fix in this PR?

[MakisH]

Building currently seems to fail at downloading code-aster (unrelated), due to an SSL certificate issue.

Is this something we can fix in this PR?

It is not related to this PR or anything from our side. I can work around this issue (insecurely), but I will give it some time, hoping for an upstream solution.

[MakisH]

@erikscheurer can you please give me push access to your fork? You can enable this with a checkbox in the side of this PR.