[bdx] Extract functions for building and parsing URI and add unit tests

[Damian-Nordic]

Problem

Functions for building and parsing BDX URI are define in examples or app/clusters code. Hence there are not unit tests for them.

Change overview

Extract and simplify the functions for building and parsing BDX URI.
Add unit tests.

Testing

Unit tests.

[github-actions]

PR #12784: Size comparison from 8adecf7 to 1dadd43

Full report (32 builds for efr32, esp32, k32w, linux, mbed, nrfconnect, p6, qpg, telink)

platform	target	config	section	8adecf7	1dadd43	change	% change
efr32	lighting-app	BRD4161A	(read only)	804972	804972	0	0.0
			(read/write)	123004	123004	0	0.0
			.bss	121184	121184	0	0.0
			.data	1820	1820	0	0.0
			.text	804964	804964	0	0.0
		BRD4161A+rpc	(read only)	792608	792608	0	0.0
			(read/write)	139688	139688	0	0.0
			.bss	137760	137760	0	0.0
			.data	1928	1928	0	0.0
			.text	792600	792600	0	0.0
	window-app	BRD4161A	(read only)	781716	781716	0	0.0
			(read/write)	121136	121136	0	0.0
			.bss	119352	119352	0	0.0
			.data	1784	1784	0	0.0
			.text	781708	781708	0	0.0
esp32	all-clusters-app	c3devkit	(read only)	859206	859206	0	0.0
			(read/write)	1306722	1306722	0	0.0
			.dram0.bss	67640	67640	0	0.0
			.dram0.data	14124	14124	0	0.0
			.flash.rodata	171920	171920	0	0.0
			.flash.text	859206	859206	0	0.0
			.iram0.text	62076	62076	0	0.0
		m5stack	(read only)	962539	962539	0	0.0
			(read/write)	450988	450988	0	0.0
			.dram0.bss	75008	75008	0	0.0
			.dram0.data	34048	34048	0	0.0
			.flash.rodata	210144	210144	0	0.0
			.flash.text	957155	957155	0	0.0
			.iram0.text	123451	123451	0	0.0
k32w	lighting-app	k32w061+se05x+release	(read/write)	725048	725048	0	0.0
			.bss	81248	81248	0	0.0
			.data	1852	1852	0	0.0
			.text	636148	636148	0	0.0
	lock-app	k32w061+debug	(read/write)	616208	616208	0	0.0
			.bss	71912	71912	0	0.0
			.data	1820	1820	0	0.0
			.text	536676	536676	0	0.0
	shell	k32w061+debug	(read/write)	679448	679448	0	0.0
			.bss	81612	81612	0	0.0
			.data	1792	1792	0	0.0
			.text	590244	590244	0	0.0
linux	chip-tool-ipv6only	arm64	(read only)	6788732	6788732	0	0.0
			(read/write)	312481	312481	0	0.0
			.bss	51633	51633	0	0.0
			.data	1048	1048	0	0.0
			.data.rel.ro	207768	207768	0	0.0
			.dynamic	560	560	0	0.0
			.got	48400	48400	0	0.0
			.init	24	24	0	0.0
			.init_array	160	160	0	0.0
			.rodata	342476	342476	0	0.0
			.text	5784260	5784260	0	0.0
	thermostat-no-ble	arm64	(read only)	1931988	1931988	0	0.0
			(read/write)	136337	136337	0	0.0
			.bss	59441	59441	0	0.0
			.data	776	776	0	0.0
			.data.rel.ro	69736	69736	0	0.0
			.dynamic	560	560	0	0.0
			.got	3520	3520	0	0.0
			.init	24	24	0	0.0
			.init_array	256	256	0	0.0
			.rodata	124820	124820	0	0.0
			.text	1601440	1601440	0	0.0
mbed	all-clusters-app	CY8CPROTO_062_4343W+release	(read only)	6224	6224	0	0.0
			(read/write)	2320136	2320136	0	0.0
			.bss	186892	186892	0	0.0
			.data	5232	5232	0	0.0
			.heap	844320	844320	0	0.0
			.text	1282712	1282712	0	0.0
	lighting-app	CY8CPROTO_062_4343W+release	(read only)	6224	6224	0	0.0
			(read/write)	2305992	2305992	0	0.0
			.bss	175704	175704	0	0.0
			.data	5488	5488	0	0.0
			.heap	855256	855256	0	0.0
			.text	1268592	1268592	0	0.0
	lock-app	CY8CPROTO_062_4343W+release	(read only)	6224	6224	0	0.0
			(read/write)	2278720	2278720	0	0.0
			.bss	174744	174744	0	0.0
			.data	5488	5488	0	0.0
			.heap	856216	856216	0	0.0
			.text	1241320	1241320	0	0.0
	pigweed-app	CY8CPROTO_062_4343W+release	(read only)	6224	6224	0	0.0
			(read/write)	1140008	1140008	0	0.0
			.bss	11756	11756	0	0.0
			.data	4376	4376	0	0.0
			.heap	1020312	1020312	0	0.0
			.text	103392	103392	0	0.0
	shell	CY8CPROTO_062_4343W+release	(read only)	6224	6224	0	0.0
			(read/write)	2047808	2047808	0	0.0
			.bss	156564	156564	0	0.0
			.data	4864	4864	0	0.0
			.heap	875016	875016	0	0.0
			.text	1010408	1010408	0	0.0
nrfconnect	lighting-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	903659	903659	0	0.0
			bss	116184	116184	0	0.0
			rodata	101140	101140	0	0.0
			text	610788	610788	0	0.0
		nrf52840dk_nrf52840+rpc	(read/write)	866699	866699	0	0.0
			bss	112532	112532	0	0.0
			rodata	92436	92436	0	0.0
			text	585516	585516	0	0.0
		nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp	(read/write)	829666	829666	0	0.0
			bss	117560	117560	0	0.0
			rodata	96396	96396	0	0.0
			text	541216	541216	0	0.0
	lock-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	875935	875935	0	0.0
			bss	113448	113448	0	0.0
			rodata	97256	97256	0	0.0
			text	589844	589844	0	0.0
		nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp	(read/write)	802186	802186	0	0.0
			bss	114856	114856	0	0.0
			rodata	92548	92548	0	0.0
			text	520368	520368	0	0.0
	pigweed-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	497463	497463	0	0.0
			bss	51820	51820	0	0.0
			rodata	45852	45852	0	0.0
			text	339492	339492	0	0.0
	pump-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	880867	880867	0	0.0
			bss	113360	113360	0	0.0
			rodata	98612	98612	0	0.0
			text	593436	593436	0	0.0
	pump-controller-app	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	874027	874027	0	0.0
			bss	113236	113236	0	0.0
			rodata	96748	96748	0	0.0
			text	588596	588596	0	0.0
	shell	nrf52840dk_nrf52840	(read/write)	782003	782003	0	0.0
			bss	109560	109560	0	0.0
			rodata	74256	74256	0	0.0
			text	523676	523676	0	0.0
		nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp	(read/write)	697082	697082	0	0.0
			bss	110540	110540	0	0.0
			rodata	68900	68900	0	0.0
			text	444320	444320	0	0.0
p6	all-clusters-app	default	(read/write)	2356168	2356168	0	0.0
			.bss	113124	113124	0	0.0
			.data	2512	2512	0	0.0
			.heap	917704	917704	0	0.0
			.text	1314432	1314432	0	0.0
	light-app	default	(read/write)	2290448	2290448	0	0.0
			.bss	100896	100896	0	0.0
			.data	2328	2328	0	0.0
			.heap	930120	930120	0	0.0
			.text	1248712	1248712	0	0.0
	lock-app	default	(read/write)	2266328	2266328	0	0.0
			.bss	99776	99776	0	0.0
			.data	2288	2288	0	0.0
			.heap	931280	931280	0	0.0
			.text	1224592	1224592	0	0.0
qpg	lighting-app	qpg6100+debug	(read only)	518344	518344	0	0.0
			(read/write)	122332	122332	0	0.0
			.bss	82632	82632	0	0.0
			.data	956	956	0	0.0
			.text	513024	513024	0	0.0
	lock-app	qpg6100+debug	(read only)	492336	492336	0	0.0
			(read/write)	122336	122336	0	0.0
			.bss	81768	81768	0	0.0
			.data	912	912	0	0.0
			.text	487016	487016	0	0.0
	persistent-storage-app	qpg6100+debug	(read only)	108104	108104	0	0.0
			(read/write)	122336	122336	0	0.0
			.bss	36152	36152	0	0.0
			.data	288	288	0	0.0
			.text	102784	102784	0	0.0
telink	lighting-app	tlsr9518adk80d	(read/write)	807494	807494	0	0.0
			bss	82756	82756	0	0.0
			noinit	37160	37160	0	0.0
			text	563540	563540	0	0.0