Numpy 2.0 compatibility (#2027)

* change `np.Inf` to `np.inf`

AttributeError: `np.Inf` was removed in the NumPy 2.0 release. Use `np.inf` instead.

* change `np.NaN` to `np.nan`

AttributeError: `np.NaN` was removed in the NumPy 2.0 release. Use `np.nan` instead.

* fix np.uint8 range issue

OverflowError: Python integer 450 out of bounds for uint8

* use `scipy.integrate.trapezoid` instead of `np.trapz`

DeprecationWarning: `trapz` is deprecated. Use `trapezoid` instead, or one of the numerical integration functions in `scipy.integrate`.

* advance minimum scipy from 1.5 to 1.6 for integrate.trapezoid

* whatsnew PR number

benchmarks/asv.conf.json

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
             "build": "",
             "numpy": "1.17.5",
             "pandas": "1.3.0",
-            "scipy": "1.5.0",
+            "scipy": "1.6.0",
             // Note: these don't have a minimum in setup.py
             "h5py": "3.1.0",
             "ephem": "3.7.6.0",

ci/requirements-py3.10.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dependencies:
     - python=3.10
     - pytz
     - requests
-    - scipy >= 1.5.0
+    - scipy >= 1.6.0
     - statsmodels
     - pip:
         - nrel-pysam>=2.0

ci/requirements-py3.11.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dependencies:
     - python=3.11
     - pytz
     - requests
-    - scipy >= 1.5.0
+    - scipy >= 1.6.0
     - statsmodels
     - pip:
         - nrel-pysam>=2.0

ci/requirements-py3.12.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dependencies:
     - python=3.12
     - pytz
     - requests
-    - scipy >= 1.5.0
+    - scipy >= 1.6.0
     - statsmodels
     - pip:
         - nrel-pysam>=2.0

ci/requirements-py3.7-min.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ dependencies:
         - h5py==3.1.0
         - numpy==1.17.3
         - pandas==1.3.0
-        - scipy==1.5.0
+        - scipy==1.6.0
         - pytest-rerunfailures # conda version is >3.6
         - pytest-remotedata # conda package is 0.3.0, needs > 0.3.1
         - requests-mock

ci/requirements-py3.7.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dependencies:
     - python=3.7
     - pytz
     - requests
-    - scipy >= 1.5.0
+    - scipy >= 1.6.0
     - statsmodels
     - pip:
         - nrel-pysam>=2.0

ci/requirements-py3.8.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dependencies:
     - python=3.8
     - pytz
     - requests
-    - scipy >= 1.5.0
+    - scipy >= 1.6.0
     - statsmodels
     - pip:
         - nrel-pysam>=2.0

ci/requirements-py3.9.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dependencies:
     - python=3.9
     - pytz
     - requests
-    - scipy >= 1.5.0
+    - scipy >= 1.6.0
     - statsmodels
     - pip:
         - nrel-pysam>=2.0

docs/sphinx/source/whatsnew/v0.10.5.rst

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ Documentation
 
 Requirements
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
+* Minimum version of scipy advanced from 1.5.0 to 1.6.0. (:pull:`2027`)
 
 
 Contributors

pvlib/bifacial/utils.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 """
 import numpy as np
 from pvlib.tools import sind, cosd, tand
+from scipy.integrate import trapezoid
 
 
 def _solar_projection_tangent(solar_zenith, solar_azimuth, surface_azimuth):
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ def vf_ground_sky_2d_integ(surface_tilt, gcr, height, pitch, max_rows=10,
             vf = vf_ground_sky_2d(r, gcr, z, pitch, height, max_rows)
             fz_sky[:, k] = vf[:, 0]  # remove spurious rotation dimension
     # calculate the integrated view factor for all of the ground between rows
-    return np.trapz(fz_sky, z, axis=0)
+    return trapezoid(fz_sky, z, axis=0)
 
 
 def _vf_poly(surface_tilt, gcr, x, delta):

pvlib/iotools/srml.py

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def read_srml(filename, map_variables=True):
     # Mask data marked with quality flag 99 (bad or missing data)
     for col in columns[::2]:
         missing = data[col + '_flag'] == 99
-        data[col] = data[col].where(~(missing), np.NaN)
+        data[col] = data[col].where(~(missing), np.nan)
     return data
 
 

pvlib/iotools/surfrad.py

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ def read_surfrad(filename, map_variables=True):
 
     data = _format_index(data)
     missing = data == -9999.9
-    data = data.where(~missing, np.NaN)
+    data = data.where(~missing, np.nan)
 
     if map_variables:
         data.rename(columns=VARIABLE_MAP, inplace=True)

pvlib/location.py

@@ -439,8 +439,10 @@ def lookup_altitude(latitude, longitude):
     # 255 is a special value that means nodata. Fallback to 0 if nodata.
     if alt == 255:
         return 0
+    # convert from np.uint8 to float so that the following operations succeed
+    alt = float(alt)
     # Altitude is encoded in 28 meter steps from -450 meters to 6561 meters
     # There are 0-254 possible altitudes, with 255 reserved for nodata.
     alt *= 28
     alt -= 450
-    return float(alt)
+    return alt

pvlib/pvsystem.py

@@ -2536,7 +2536,7 @@ def singlediode(photocurrent, saturation_current, resistance_series,
 
 
 def max_power_point(photocurrent, saturation_current, resistance_series,
-                    resistance_shunt, nNsVth, d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.Inf,
+                    resistance_shunt, nNsVth, d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.inf,
                     method='brentq'):
     """
     Given the single diode equation coefficients, calculates the maximum power

pvlib/singlediode.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def estimate_voc(photocurrent, saturation_current, nNsVth):
 
 def bishop88(diode_voltage, photocurrent, saturation_current,
              resistance_series, resistance_shunt, nNsVth, d2mutau=0,
-             NsVbi=np.Inf, breakdown_factor=0., breakdown_voltage=-5.5,
+             NsVbi=np.inf, breakdown_factor=0., breakdown_voltage=-5.5,
              breakdown_exp=3.28, gradients=False):
     r"""
     Explicit calculation of points on the IV curve described by the single
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ def bishop88(diode_voltage, photocurrent, saturation_current,
 
 def bishop88_i_from_v(voltage, photocurrent, saturation_current,
                       resistance_series, resistance_shunt, nNsVth,
-                      d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.Inf, breakdown_factor=0.,
+                      d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.inf, breakdown_factor=0.,
                       breakdown_voltage=-5.5, breakdown_exp=3.28,
                       method='newton', method_kwargs=None):
     """
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ def vd_from_brent(voc, v, iph, isat, rs, rsh, gamma, d2mutau, NsVbi,
 
 def bishop88_v_from_i(current, photocurrent, saturation_current,
                       resistance_series, resistance_shunt, nNsVth,
-                      d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.Inf, breakdown_factor=0.,
+                      d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.inf, breakdown_factor=0.,
                       breakdown_voltage=-5.5, breakdown_exp=3.28,
                       method='newton', method_kwargs=None):
     """
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ def vd_from_brent(voc, i, iph, isat, rs, rsh, gamma, d2mutau, NsVbi,
 
 
 def bishop88_mpp(photocurrent, saturation_current, resistance_series,
-                 resistance_shunt, nNsVth, d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.Inf,
+                 resistance_shunt, nNsVth, d2mutau=0, NsVbi=np.inf,
                  breakdown_factor=0., breakdown_voltage=-5.5,
                  breakdown_exp=3.28, method='newton', method_kwargs=None):
     """

pvlib/spectrum/mismatch.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
 from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
+from scipy.integrate import trapezoid
 import os
 
 from warnings import warn
@@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ def calc_spectral_mismatch_field(sr, e_sun, e_ref=None):
 
     # a helper function to make usable fraction calculations more readable
     def integrate(e):
-        return np.trapz(e, x=e.T.index, axis=-1)
+        return trapezoid(e, x=e.T.index, axis=-1)
 
     # calculate usable fractions
     uf_sun = integrate(e_sun * sr_sun) / integrate(e_sun)

pvlib/tests/bifacial/test_utils.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 from pvlib.bifacial import utils
 from pvlib.shading import masking_angle, ground_angle
 from pvlib.tools import cosd
+from scipy.integrate import trapezoid
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ def test_vf_ground_sky_2d_integ(test_system_fixed_tilt, vectorize):
     vf_integ = utils.vf_ground_sky_2d_integ(
         ts['rotation'], ts['gcr'], ts['height'], ts['pitch'],
         max_rows=1, npoints=3, vectorize=vectorize)
-    expected_vf_integ = np.trapz(vfs_gnd_sky, pts, axis=0)
+    expected_vf_integ = trapezoid(vfs_gnd_sky, pts, axis=0)
     assert np.isclose(vf_integ, expected_vf_integ, rtol=0.1)
 
 
@@ -134,15 +135,15 @@ def test_vf_row_sky_2d_integ(test_system_fixed_tilt):
     x = np.arange(fx0[1], fx1[1], 1e-4)
     phi_y = masking_angle(ts['surface_tilt'], ts['gcr'], x)
     y = 0.5 * (1 + cosd(ts['surface_tilt'] + phi_y))
-    y1 = np.trapz(y, x) / (fx1[1] - fx0[1])
+    y1 = trapezoid(y, x) / (fx1[1] - fx0[1])
     expected = np.array([y0, y1])
     assert np.allclose(vf, expected, rtol=1e-3)
     # with defaults (0, 1)
     vf = utils.vf_row_sky_2d_integ(ts['surface_tilt'], ts['gcr'])
     x = np.arange(0, 1, 1e-4)
     phi_y = masking_angle(ts['surface_tilt'], ts['gcr'], x)
     y = 0.5 * (1 + cosd(ts['surface_tilt'] + phi_y))
-    y1 = np.trapz(y, x) / (1 - 0)
+    y1 = trapezoid(y, x) / (1 - 0)
     assert np.allclose(vf, y1, rtol=1e-3)
 
 
@@ -179,13 +180,13 @@ def test_vf_ground_2d_integ(test_system_fixed_tilt):
     x = np.arange(fx0[1], fx1[1], 1e-4)
     phi_y = ground_angle(ts['surface_tilt'], ts['gcr'], x)
     y = 0.5 * (1 - cosd(phi_y - ts['surface_tilt']))
-    y1 = np.trapz(y, x) / (fx1[1] - fx0[1])
+    y1 = trapezoid(y, x) / (fx1[1] - fx0[1])
     expected = np.array([y0, y1])
     assert np.allclose(vf, expected, rtol=1e-2)
     # with defaults (0, 1)
     vf = utils.vf_row_ground_2d_integ(ts['surface_tilt'], ts['gcr'], 0, 1)
     x = np.arange(0, 1, 1e-4)
     phi_y = ground_angle(ts['surface_tilt'], ts['gcr'], x)
     y = 0.5 * (1 - cosd(phi_y - ts['surface_tilt']))
-    y1 = np.trapz(y, x) / (1 - 0)
+    y1 = trapezoid(y, x) / (1 - 0)
     assert np.allclose(vf, y1, rtol=1e-2)

pvlib/tests/test_singlediode.py

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ def test_pvsyst_recombination_loss(method, poa, temp_cell, expected, tol):
         # other conditions with breakdown model on and recombination model off
         (
             (1.e-4, -5.5, 3.28),
-            (0., np.Inf),
+            (0., np.inf),
             POA,
             TCELL,
             {

pyproject.toml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ dependencies = [
     'pandas >= 1.3.0',
     'pytz',
     'requests',
-    'scipy >= 1.5.0',
+    'scipy >= 1.6.0',
     'h5py',
     'importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8"',
 ]