fix: `<ranges>` support for `py::tuple` and `py::list` #8167

Workflow file for this run

	name: CI

	on:
	workflow_dispatch:
	pull_request:
	push:
	branches:
	- master
	- stable
	- v*

	permissions: read-all

	concurrency:
	group: test-${{ github.ref }}
	cancel-in-progress: true

	env:
	PIP_BREAK_SYSTEM_PACKAGES: 1
	PIP_ONLY_BINARY: numpy
	FORCE_COLOR: 3
	PYTEST_TIMEOUT: 300
	# For cmake:
	VERBOSE: 1

	jobs:
	# This is the "main" test suite, which tests a large number of different
	# versions of default compilers and Python versions in GitHub Actions.
	standard:
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	runs-on: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2022, macos-13]
	python:
	- '3.8'
	- '3.9'
	- '3.12'
	- '3.13'
	- 'pypy-3.8'
	- 'pypy-3.9'
	- 'pypy-3.10'

	# Items in here will either be added to the build matrix (if not
	# present), or add new keys to an existing matrix element if all the
	# existing keys match.
	#
	# We support an optional key: args, for cmake args
	include:
	# Just add a key
	- runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
	python: '3.8'
	args: >
	-DPYBIND11_FINDPYTHON=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-D_=1"
	exercise_D_: 1
	- runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
	python: 'pypy-3.8'
	args: >
	-DPYBIND11_FINDPYTHON=ON
	- runs-on: windows-2019
	python: '3.8'
	args: >
	-DPYBIND11_FINDPYTHON=ON
	# Inject a couple Windows 2019 runs
	- runs-on: windows-2019
	python: '3.9'
	# Extra ubuntu latest job
	- runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	python: '3.11'


	name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python }} • ${{ matrix.runs-on }} • x64 ${{ matrix.args }}"
	runs-on: ${{ matrix.runs-on }}

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python }}
	uses: actions/setup-python@v5
	with:
	python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
	allow-prereleases: true

	- name: Setup Boost (Linux)
	# Can't use boost + define _
	if: runner.os == 'Linux' && matrix.exercise_D_ != 1
	run: sudo apt-get install libboost-dev

	- name: Setup Boost (macOS)
	if: runner.os == 'macOS'
	run: brew install boost

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Cache wheels
	if: runner.os == 'macOS'
	uses: actions/cache@v4
	with:
	# This path is specific to macOS - we really only need it for PyPy NumPy wheels
	# See https://github.com/actions/cache/blob/master/examples.md#python---pip
	# for ways to do this more generally
	path: ~/Library/Caches/pip
	# Look to see if there is a cache hit for the corresponding requirements file
	key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip-${{ matrix.python }}-x64-${{ hashFiles('tests/requirements.txt') }}

	- name: Prepare env
	run: \|
	python -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	- name: Setup annotations on Linux
	if: runner.os == 'Linux'
	run: python -m pip install pytest-github-actions-annotate-failures

	# First build - C++11 mode and inplace
	# More-or-less randomly adding -DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=ON here
	# (same for PYBIND11_NUMPY_1_ONLY, but requires a NumPy 1.x at runtime).
	- name: Configure C++11 ${{ matrix.args }}
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B .
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DPYBIND11_DISABLE_HANDLE_TYPE_NAME_DEFAULT_IMPLEMENTATION=ON
	-DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=ON
	-DPYBIND11_NUMPY_1_ONLY=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=11
	${{ matrix.args }}

	- name: Build C++11
	run: cmake --build . -j 2

	- name: Python tests C++11
	run: cmake --build . --target pytest -j 2

	- name: C++11 tests
	run: cmake --build . --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test C++11
	run: cmake --build . --target test_cmake_build

	- name: Clean directory
	run: git clean -fdx

	# Second build - C++17 mode and in a build directory
	# More-or-less randomly adding -DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=OFF here.
	# (same for PYBIND11_NUMPY_1_ONLY, but requires a NumPy 1.x at runtime).
	- name: Configure C++17
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build2
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=OFF
	-DPYBIND11_NUMPY_1_ONLY=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17
	${{ matrix.args }}

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build2 -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build2 --target pytest

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build build2 --target cpptest

	# Third build - C++17 mode with unstable ABI
	- name: Configure (unstable ABI)
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build3
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17
	-DPYBIND11_INTERNALS_VERSION=10000000
	${{ matrix.args }}

	- name: Build (unstable ABI)
	run: cmake --build build3 -j 2

	- name: Python tests (unstable ABI)
	run: cmake --build build3 --target pytest

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build build2 --target test_cmake_build

	# This makes sure the setup_helpers module can build packages using
	# setuptools
	- name: Setuptools helpers test
	run: \|
	pip install setuptools
	pytest tests/extra_setuptools
	if: "!(matrix.runs-on == 'windows-2022')"

	manylinux:
	name: Manylinux on 🐍 3.13t • GIL
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	timeout-minutes: 40
	container: quay.io/pypa/musllinux_1_2_x86_64:latest
	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4
	with:
	fetch-depth: 0

	- name: Prepare venv
	run: python3.13t -m venv .venv

	- name: Install Python deps
	run: .venv/bin/pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	- name: Configure C++11
	run: >
	cmake -S. -Bbuild
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DPython_ROOT_DIR=.venv

	- name: Build C++11
	run: cmake --build build -j2

	- name: Python tests C++11
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest -j2

	deadsnakes:
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	include:
	# TODO: Fails on 3.10, investigate
	# JOB DISABLED (NEEDS WORK): https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/4889
	# - python-version: "3.9"
	# python-debug: true
	# valgrind: true
	- python-version: "3.11"
	python-debug: false

	name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python-version }}${{ matrix.python-debug && '-dbg' \|\| '' }} (deadsnakes)${{ matrix.valgrind && ' • Valgrind' \|\| '' }} • x64"
	runs-on: ubuntu-20.04

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} (deadsnakes)
	uses: deadsnakes/action@v3.1.0
	with:
	python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
	debug: ${{ matrix.python-debug }}

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Valgrind cache
	if: matrix.valgrind
	uses: actions/cache@v4
	id: cache-valgrind
	with:
	path: valgrind
	key: 3.16.1 # Valgrind version

	- name: Compile Valgrind
	if: matrix.valgrind && steps.cache-valgrind.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
	run: \|
	VALGRIND_VERSION=3.16.1
	curl https://sourceware.org/pub/valgrind/valgrind-$VALGRIND_VERSION.tar.bz2 -o - \| tar xj
	mv valgrind-$VALGRIND_VERSION valgrind
	cd valgrind
	./configure
	make -j 2 > /dev/null

	- name: Install Valgrind
	if: matrix.valgrind
	working-directory: valgrind
	run: \|
	sudo make install
	sudo apt-get update
	sudo apt-get install libc6-dbg # Needed by Valgrind

	- name: Prepare env
	run: \|
	python -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	- name: Configure
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build build --target cpptest

	- name: Run Valgrind on Python tests
	if: matrix.valgrind
	run: cmake --build build --target memcheck


	# Testing on clang using the excellent silkeh clang docker images
	clang:
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	clang:
	- dev
	std:
	- 11
	container_suffix:
	- ""
	include:
	- clang: 5
	std: 14
	- clang: 11
	std: 20
	- clang: 12
	std: 20
	- clang: 13
	std: 20
	- clang: 14
	std: 20
	- clang: 15
	std: 20
	container_suffix: "-bullseye"
	- clang: 16
	std: 20
	container_suffix: "-bullseye"
	- clang: 17
	std: 20
	container_suffix: "-bookworm"
	- clang: 18
	std: 20
	container_suffix: "-bookworm"

	name: "🐍 3 • Clang ${{ matrix.clang }} • C++${{ matrix.std }} • x64"
	container: "silkeh/clang:${{ matrix.clang }}${{ matrix.container_suffix }}"

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Add wget and python3
	run: apt-get update && apt-get install -y python3-dev python3-numpy python3-pytest libeigen3-dev

	- name: Configure
	shell: bash
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{ matrix.std }}
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build build --target cpptest

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build


	# Testing NVCC; forces sources to behave like .cu files
	cuda:
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	name: "🐍 3.10 • CUDA 12.2 • Ubuntu 22.04"
	container: nvidia/cuda:12.2.0-devel-ubuntu22.04

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	# tzdata will try to ask for the timezone, so set the DEBIAN_FRONTEND
	- name: Install 🐍 3
	run: apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND="noninteractive" apt-get install -y cmake git python3-dev python3-pytest python3-numpy

	- name: Configure
	run: cmake -S . -B build -DPYBIND11_CUDA_TESTS=ON -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON -DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build -j2 --verbose

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest


	# TODO: Internal compiler error - report to NVidia
	# # Testing CentOS 8 + PGI compilers
	# centos-nvhpc8:
	# runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	# name: "🐍 3 • CentOS8 / PGI 20.11 • x64"
	# container: centos:8
	#
	# steps:
	# - uses: actions/checkout@v4
	#
	# - name: Add Python 3 and a few requirements
	# run: yum update -y && yum install -y git python3-devel python3-numpy python3-pytest make environment-modules
	#
	# - name: Install CMake with pip
	# run: \|
	# python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
	# python3 -m pip install cmake --prefer-binary
	#
	# - name: Install NVidia HPC SDK
	# run: >
	# yum -y install
	# https://developer.download.nvidia.com/hpc-sdk/20.11/nvhpc-20-11-20.11-1.x86_64.rpm
	# https://developer.download.nvidia.com/hpc-sdk/20.11/nvhpc-2020-20.11-1.x86_64.rpm
	#
	# - name: Configure
	# shell: bash
	# run: \|
	# source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
	# module load /opt/nvidia/hpc_sdk/modulefiles/nvhpc/20.11
	# cmake -S . -B build -DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	#
	# - name: Build
	# run: cmake --build build -j 2 --verbose
	#
	# - name: Python tests
	# run: cmake --build build --target pytest
	#
	# - name: C++ tests
	# run: cmake --build build --target cpptest
	#
	# - name: Interface test
	# run: cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build


	# Testing on Ubuntu + NVHPC (previous PGI) compilers, which seems to require more workarounds
	ubuntu-nvhpc7:
	runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
	name: "🐍 3 • NVHPC 23.5 • C++17 • x64"

	env:
	# tzdata will try to ask for the timezone, so set the DEBIAN_FRONTEND
	DEBIAN_FRONTEND: 'noninteractive'
	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Add NVHPC Repo
	run: \|
	echo 'deb [trusted=yes] https://developer.download.nvidia.com/hpc-sdk/ubuntu/amd64 /' \| \
	sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvhpc.list

	- name: Install 🐍 3 & NVHPC
	run: \|
	sudo apt-get update -y && \
	sudo apt-get install -y cmake environment-modules git python3-dev python3-pip python3-numpy && \
	sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends nvhpc-23-5 && \
	sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
	python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
	python3 -m pip install --upgrade pytest

	# On some systems, you many need further workarounds:
	# https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/pull/2475
	- name: Configure
	shell: bash
	run: \|
	source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
	module load /opt/nvidia/hpc_sdk/modulefiles/nvhpc/23.5
	cmake -S . -B build -DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON \
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 \
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)") \
	-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-Wc,--pending_instantiations=0" \
	-DPYBIND11_TEST_FILTER="test_smart_ptr.cpp"

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build -j 2 --verbose

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build build --target cpptest

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build


	# Testing on GCC using the GCC docker images (only recent images supported)
	gcc:
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	include:
	- { gcc: 9, std: 20 }
	- { gcc: 10, std: 17 }
	- { gcc: 10, std: 20 }
	- { gcc: 11, std: 20 }
	- { gcc: 12, std: 20 }
	- { gcc: 13, std: 20 }

	name: "🐍 3 • GCC ${{ matrix.gcc }} • C++${{ matrix.std }}• x64"
	container: "gcc:${{ matrix.gcc }}"

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Add Python 3
	run: apt-get update; apt-get install -y python3-dev python3-numpy python3-pytest python3-pip libeigen3-dev

	- name: Update pip
	run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Configure
	shell: bash
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{ matrix.std }}
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build build --target cpptest

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build

	- name: Configure - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	if: matrix.gcc == '12'
	shell: bash
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build_partial
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{ matrix.std }}
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	"-DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE=test_call_policies.cpp;test_gil_scoped.cpp;test_thread.cpp"

	- name: Build - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	if: matrix.gcc == '12'
	run: cmake --build build_partial -j 2

	- name: Python tests - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	if: matrix.gcc == '12'
	run: cmake --build build_partial --target pytest

	# Testing on ICC using the oneAPI apt repo
	icc:
	runs-on: ubuntu-20.04

	name: "🐍 3 • ICC latest • x64"

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Add apt repo
	run: \|
	sudo apt-get update
	sudo apt-get install -y wget build-essential pkg-config cmake ca-certificates gnupg
	wget https://apt.repos.intel.com/intel-gpg-keys/GPG-PUB-KEY-INTEL-SW-PRODUCTS-2023.PUB
	sudo apt-key add GPG-PUB-KEY-INTEL-SW-PRODUCTS-2023.PUB
	echo "deb https://apt.repos.intel.com/oneapi all main" \| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/oneAPI.list

	- name: Add ICC & Python 3
	run: sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install -y intel-oneapi-compiler-dpcpp-cpp-and-cpp-classic cmake python3-dev python3-numpy python3-pytest python3-pip

	- name: Update pip
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

	- name: Install dependencies
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	python3 -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	- name: Configure C++11
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake -S . -B build-11 \
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON \
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON \
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=OFF \
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=11 \
	-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=$(which icpc) \
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Build C++11
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake --build build-11 -j 2 -v

	- name: Python tests C++11
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	sudo service apport stop
	cmake --build build-11 --target check

	- name: C++ tests C++11
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake --build build-11 --target cpptest

	- name: Interface test C++11
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake --build build-11 --target test_cmake_build

	- name: Configure C++17
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake -S . -B build-17 \
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON \
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON \
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=OFF \
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 \
	-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=$(which icpc) \
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Build C++17
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake --build build-17 -j 2 -v

	- name: Python tests C++17
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	sudo service apport stop
	cmake --build build-17 --target check

	- name: C++ tests C++17
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake --build build-17 --target cpptest

	- name: Interface test C++17
	run: \|
	set +e; source /opt/intel/oneapi/setvars.sh; set -e
	cmake --build build-17 --target test_cmake_build


	# Testing on CentOS (manylinux uses a centos base).
	centos:
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	container:
	- "almalinux:8"
	- "almalinux:9"

	name: "🐍 3 • ${{ matrix.container }} • x64"
	container: "${{ matrix.container }}"

	steps:
	- name: Latest actions/checkout
	uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Add Python 3.8
	if: matrix.container == 'almalinux:8'
	run: dnf update -y && dnf install -y python38-devel gcc-c++ make git

	- name: Add Python 3 (default)
	if: matrix.container != 'almalinux:8'
	run: dnf update -y && dnf install -y python3-devel gcc-c++ make git

	- name: Update pip
	run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

	- name: Install dependencies
	run: \|
	python3 -m pip install cmake -r tests/requirements.txt

	- name: Ensure NumPy 2 is used (required Python >= 3.9)
	if: matrix.container == 'almalinux:9'
	run: \|
	python3 -m pip install 'numpy>=2.0.0b1' 'scipy>=1.13.0rc1'

	- name: Configure
	shell: bash
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=MinSizeRel
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=11
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build build --target cpptest

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build


	# This tests an "install" with the CMake tools
	install-classic:
	name: "🐍 3.9 • Debian • x86 • Install"
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest
	container: i386/debian:bullseye

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v1 # v1 is required to run inside docker

	- name: Install requirements
	run: \|
	apt-get update
	apt-get install -y git make cmake g++ libeigen3-dev python3-dev python3-pip
	pip3 install "pytest==6.*"

	- name: Configure for install
	run: >
	cmake .
	-DPYBIND11_INSTALL=1 -DPYBIND11_TEST=0
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Make and install
	run: make install

	- name: Copy tests to new directory
	run: cp -a tests /pybind11-tests

	- name: Make a new test directory
	run: mkdir /build-tests

	- name: Configure tests
	run: >
	cmake ../pybind11-tests
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	working-directory: /build-tests

	- name: Python tests
	run: make pytest -j 2
	working-directory: /build-tests


	# This verifies that the documentation is not horribly broken, and does a
	# basic validation check on the SDist.
	doxygen:
	name: "Documentation build test"
	runs-on: ubuntu-latest

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- uses: actions/setup-python@v5
	with:
	python-version: "3.x"

	- name: Install Doxygen
	run: sudo apt-get install -y doxygen librsvg2-bin # Changed to rsvg-convert in 20.04

	- name: Build docs
	run: pipx run nox -s docs

	- name: Make SDist
	run: pipx run nox -s build -- --sdist

	- run: git status --ignored

	- name: Check local include dir
	run: >
	ls pybind11;
	python3 -c "import pybind11, pathlib; assert (a := pybind11.get_include()) == (b := str(pathlib.Path('include').resolve())), f'{a} != {b}'"

	- name: Compare Dists (headers only)
	working-directory: include
	run: \|
	python3 -m pip install --user -U ../dist/*.tar.gz
	installed=$(python3 -c "import pybind11; print(pybind11.get_include() + '/pybind11')")
	diff -rq $installed ./pybind11

	win32:
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	python:
	- '3.8'
	- '3.9'
	- '3.10'
	- '3.11'
	- '3.12'

	include:
	- python: '3.12'
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
	- python: '3.11'
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
	- python: '3.10'
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
	- python: '3.9'
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
	- python: '3.8'
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17


	name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python }} • MSVC 2019 • x86 ${{ matrix.args }}"
	runs-on: windows-2019

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python }}
	uses: actions/setup-python@v5
	with:
	python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
	architecture: x86

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Prepare MSVC
	uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.13.0
	with:
	arch: x86

	- name: Prepare env
	run: \|
	python -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	# First build - C++11 mode and inplace
	- name: Configure ${{ matrix.args }}
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A Win32
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	${{ matrix.args }}
	- name: Build C++11
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build -t pytest

	win32-debug:
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	python:
	- 3.8
	- 3.9

	include:
	- python: 3.9
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
	- python: 3.8
	args: -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17

	name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python }} • MSVC 2019 (Debug) • x86 ${{ matrix.args }}"
	runs-on: windows-2019

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python }}
	uses: actions/setup-python@v5
	with:
	python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
	architecture: x86

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Prepare MSVC
	uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1.13.0
	with:
	arch: x86

	- name: Prepare env
	run: \|
	python -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	# First build - C++11 mode and inplace
	- name: Configure ${{ matrix.args }}
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A Win32
	-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	${{ matrix.args }}
	- name: Build C++11
	run: cmake --build build --config Debug -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --config Debug -t pytest


	windows-2022:
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	python:
	- 3.9

	name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python }} • MSVC 2022 C++20 • x64"
	runs-on: windows-2022

	steps:
	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python }}
	uses: actions/setup-python@v5
	with:
	python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}

	- name: Prepare env
	# Ensure use of NumPy 2 (via NumPy nightlies but can be changed soon)
	run: \|
	python3 -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt
	python3 -m pip install 'numpy>=2.0.0b1' 'scipy>=1.13.0rc1'

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Configure C++20
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20

	- name: Build C++20
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest

	- name: C++20 tests
	run: cmake --build build --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test C++20
	run: cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build

	- name: Configure C++20 - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build_partial
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20
	"-DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE=test_call_policies.cpp;test_gil_scoped.cpp;test_thread.cpp"

	- name: Build C++20 - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	run: cmake --build build_partial -j 2

	- name: Python tests - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	run: cmake --build build_partial --target pytest

	mingw:
	name: "🐍 3 • windows-latest • ${{ matrix.sys }}"
	runs-on: windows-latest
	defaults:
	run:
	shell: msys2 {0}
	strategy:
	fail-fast: false
	matrix:
	include:
	- { sys: mingw64, env: x86_64 }
	- { sys: mingw32, env: i686 }
	steps:
	- uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
	with:
	msystem: ${{matrix.sys}}
	install: >-
	git
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-gcc
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-python-pip
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-python-numpy
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-cmake
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-make
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-python-pytest
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-boost
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-catch

	- uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
	if: matrix.sys == 'mingw64'
	with:
	msystem: ${{matrix.sys}}
	install: >-
	git
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-python-scipy
	mingw-w64-${{matrix.env}}-eigen3

	- uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Configure C++11
	# LTO leads to many undefined reference like
	# `pybind11::detail::function_call::function_call(pybind11::detail::function_call&&)
	run: >-
	cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=11 -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON -DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	-S . -B build

	- name: Build C++11
	run: cmake --build build -j 2

	- name: Python tests C++11
	run: cmake --build build --target pytest -j 2

	- name: C++11 tests
	run: PYTHONHOME=/${{matrix.sys}} PYTHONPATH=/${{matrix.sys}} cmake --build build --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test C++11
	run: PYTHONHOME=/${{matrix.sys}} PYTHONPATH=/${{matrix.sys}} cmake --build build --target test_cmake_build

	- name: Clean directory
	run: git clean -fdx

	- name: Configure C++14
	run: >-
	cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=14 -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON -DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	-S . -B build2

	- name: Build C++14
	run: cmake --build build2 -j 2

	- name: Python tests C++14
	run: cmake --build build2 --target pytest -j 2

	- name: C++14 tests
	run: PYTHONHOME=/${{matrix.sys}} PYTHONPATH=/${{matrix.sys}} cmake --build build2 --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test C++14
	run: PYTHONHOME=/${{matrix.sys}} PYTHONPATH=/${{matrix.sys}} cmake --build build2 --target test_cmake_build

	- name: Clean directory
	run: git clean -fdx

	- name: Configure C++17
	run: >-
	cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON -DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	-S . -B build3

	- name: Build C++17
	run: cmake --build build3 -j 2

	- name: Python tests C++17
	run: cmake --build build3 --target pytest -j 2

	- name: C++17 tests
	run: PYTHONHOME=/${{matrix.sys}} PYTHONPATH=/${{matrix.sys}} cmake --build build3 --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test C++17
	run: PYTHONHOME=/${{matrix.sys}} PYTHONPATH=/${{matrix.sys}} cmake --build build3 --target test_cmake_build

	windows_clang:

	strategy:
	matrix:
	os: [windows-latest]
	python: ['3.10']

	runs-on: "${{ matrix.os }}"

	name: "🐍 ${{ matrix.python }} • ${{ matrix.os }} • clang-latest"

	steps:
	- name: Show env
	run: env

	- name: Checkout
	uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Set up Clang
	uses: egor-tensin/setup-clang@v1

	- name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python }}
	uses: actions/setup-python@v5
	with:
	python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Install ninja-build tool
	uses: seanmiddleditch/gha-setup-ninja@v5

	- name: Run pip installs
	run: \|
	python -m pip install --upgrade pip
	python -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt

	- name: Show Clang++ version
	run: clang++ --version

	- name: Show CMake version
	run: cmake --version

	# TODO: WERROR=ON
	- name: Configure Clang
	run: >
	cmake -G Ninja -S . -B .
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=OFF
	-DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=OFF
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build . -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build . --target pytest -j 2

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build . --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build . --target test_cmake_build -j 2

	- name: Clean directory
	run: git clean -fdx

	macos_brew_install_llvm:
	name: "macos-13 • brew install llvm"
	runs-on: macos-13

	env:
	# https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/227026/how-to-install-recent-clang-with-homebrew
	LDFLAGS: '-L/usr/local/opt/llvm/lib -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/opt/llvm/lib'

	steps:
	- name: Update PATH
	run: echo "/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH

	- name: Show env
	run: env

	- name: Checkout
	uses: actions/checkout@v4

	- name: Show Clang++ version before brew install llvm
	run: clang++ --version

	- name: brew install llvm
	run: brew install llvm

	- name: Show Clang++ version after brew install llvm
	run: clang++ --version

	- name: Update CMake
	uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2.0

	- name: Run pip installs
	run: \|
	python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
	python3 -m pip install -r tests/requirements.txt
	python3 -m pip install numpy
	python3 -m pip install scipy

	- name: Show CMake version
	run: cmake --version

	- name: CMake Configure
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B .
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=OFF
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")

	- name: Build
	run: cmake --build . -j 2

	- name: Python tests
	run: cmake --build . --target pytest -j 2

	- name: C++ tests
	run: cmake --build . --target cpptest -j 2

	- name: Interface test
	run: cmake --build . --target test_cmake_build -j 2

	- name: CMake Configure - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	run: >
	cmake -S . -B build_partial
	-DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
	-DPYBIND11_SIMPLE_GIL_MANAGEMENT=OFF
	-DDOWNLOAD_CATCH=ON
	-DDOWNLOAD_EIGEN=ON
	-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++
	-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17
	-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)")
	"-DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE=test_call_policies.cpp;test_gil_scoped.cpp;test_thread.cpp"

	- name: Build - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	run: cmake --build build_partial -j 2

	- name: Python tests - Exercise cmake -DPYBIND11_TEST_OVERRIDE
	run: cmake --build build_partial --target pytest -j 2

	- name: Clean directory
	run: git clean -fdx

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fix: `<ranges>` support for `py::tuple` and `py::list` #8167

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fix: `<ranges>` support for `py::tuple` and `py::list` #8167

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fix: <ranges> support for py::tuple and py::list #8167

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fix: `<ranges>` support for `py::tuple` and `py::list` #8167