Make _replace more lenient. (#9517)

* Make _replace more lenient.

Closes #5361

* review comments

xarray/core/dataarray.py

@@ -534,10 +534,10 @@ def _replace_maybe_drop_dims(
  variable: Variable,
  name: Hashable | None | Default = _default,
  ) -> Self:
- if variable.dims == self.dims and variable.shape == self.shape:
+ if self.sizes == variable.sizes:
  coords = self._coords.copy()
  indexes = self._indexes
- elif variable.dims == self.dims:
+ elif set(self.dims) == set(variable.dims):
  # Shape has changed (e.g. from reduce(..., keepdims=True)
  new_sizes = dict(zip(self.dims, variable.shape, strict=True))
  coords = {

xarray/tests/test_groupby.py

@@ -2919,3 +2919,16 @@ def test_gappy_resample_reductions(reduction):
 # 1. lambda x: x
 # 2. grouped-reduce on unique coords is identical to array
 # 3. group_over == groupby-reduce along other dimensions
+
+
+def test_groupby_transpose():
+ # GH5361
+ data = xr.DataArray(
+ np.random.randn(4, 2),
+ dims=["x", "z"],
+ coords={"x": ["a", "b", "a", "c"], "y": ("x", [0, 1, 0, 2])},
+ )
+ first = data.T.groupby("x").sum()
+ second = data.groupby("x").sum()
+
+ assert_identical(first, second.transpose(*first.dims))