feat: Add ruff tool configuration to pyproject.toml

This commit introduces a new feature to the codebase by adding the configuration for the ruff tool in the pyproject.toml file.
The configuration includes enabling pycodestyle and Pyflakes codes,
allowing fixes for all enabled rules,
excluding commonly ignored directories,
setting the line length to 88, allowing unused variables when underscore-prefixed,
and assuming Python 3.8.
It also sets the default complexity level to 10 for the mccabe tool under ruff.

pyproject.toml

@@ -45,3 +45,52 @@ markers = [
     "documentation: tests for documentation",
     "turtle: tests that take more than 5 seconds to execute",
 ]
+
+
+[tool.ruff]
+# Enable pycodestyle (`E`) and Pyflakes (`F`) codes by default.
+select = ["E", "F", "I"]
+ignore = []
+
+# Allow fix for all enabled rules (when `--fix`) is provided.
+fixable = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "I", "N", "Q", "S", "T", "W", "ANN", "ARG", "BLE", "COM", "DJ", "DTZ", "EM", "ERA", "EXE", "FBT", "ICN", "INP", "ISC", "NPY", "PD", "PGH", "PIE", "PL", "PT", "PTH", "PYI", "RET", "RSE", "RUF", "SIM", "SLF", "TCH", "TID", "TRY", "UP", "YTT"]
+unfixable = []
+
+# Exclude a variety of commonly ignored directories.
+exclude = [
+    ".bzr",
+    ".direnv",
+    ".eggs",
+    ".git",
+    ".git-rewrite",
+    ".hg",
+    ".mypy_cache",
+    ".nox",
+    ".pants.d",
+    ".pytype",
+    ".ruff_cache",
+    ".svn",
+    ".tox",
+    ".venv",
+    "__pypackages__",
+    "_build",
+    "buck-out",
+    "build",
+    "dist",
+    "node_modules",
+    "venv",
+    "nbconvert_config.py",
+]
+
+# Same as Black.
+line-length = 88
+
+# Allow unused variables when underscore-prefixed.
+dummy-variable-rgx = "^(_+|(_+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?))$"
+
+# Assume Python 3.8
+target-version = "py38"
+
+[tool.ruff.mccabe]
+# Unlike Flake8, default to a complexity level of 10.
+max-complexity = 10