[Backport maintenance/4.0.x] Check enums created with functional syntax against class name regex

[pylint-backport]

Backport 1cc3be2 from #10661.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 95.96%. Comparing base (60a01e4) to head (84967b1).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on maintenance/4.0.x.

Additional details and impacted files

@@                Coverage Diff                 @@
##           maintenance/4.0.x   #10663   +/-   ##
==================================================
  Coverage              95.96%   95.96%           
==================================================
  Files                    176      176           
  Lines                  19506    19506           
==================================================
  Hits                   18719    18719           
  Misses                   787      787           

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
pylint/checkers/base/name_checker/checker.py	98.72% <100.00%> (ø)

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