maint: improves url module

[yozachar]

• url is now coupled with hostname module
• adds documentation
• shifts from pure regex to a combination validation
• adds parameters with sane defaults
• http://-.~_!$&'()*+,;=:%40:80%2f::::::@example.com will be taken care of in subsequent fixes

Related Items

Issues

• Closes Url validator mishandles upper case and repeated hyphens. #27
• Closes validator fails with url containing double hyphens for  #41
• Closes url validator fails on 1st and last IP address #49
• Closes URL validation arbitrarily supports FTP, but not other protocols #55
• Closes URL validation fails on Russian punycode TLD #63
• Closes validators.url hang  #65
• Closes URLs with invalid characters in userinfo part are incorrectly validated #69
• Closes validators.url fails any URL whose FQDN includes consecutive hyphens (e.g. IDNA A-labels) #78
• Closes URL validator does not match ips ending with 0 #80
• Closes URL validator fails with one digit port #84
• Closes Valid URLs detected as invalid #87
• Closes Underscores in URLs seem to break the validator #102
• Closes Url validator accepting invalid unicode #105
• Closes A valid url produces ValidationFailure #116
• Closes URL validation fails for valid domain #135
• Closes Url Validation #155
• Closes Punycode URLs Fail Validation #178
• Closes URLs Fail Validation #180
• Closes Wrong behavior of URL validator for domain with 2 dashes #187
• Closes There is a problem with verifying the Chinese URL #188
• Closes URLs validation should use urlparse #189
• Closes Add validation for public IP addresses #202
• Closes Private ip addresses being validated with public=True #206
• Closes .local TLD pass as public domains #208
• Closes not working for some urls #213
• Closes Fails validation on URLs that are not FQDNs #217
• Closes None throws Exception in url #219

PRs

• Closes Expand validators.url to allow FQDNs that have IDNA A-labels #79
• Closes Fix invalid escape sequences #91
• Closes New Validator: Git URL #211
• Closes Feature: Added website validator to deal with 'Marketing' style urls… #214
• Closes Fix ReDoS (GHSL-2021-110) #243