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Merge pull request #1245 from stuartwdouglas/testing-guide
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Fixes #555, add testing guide
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starksm64 authored Mar 6, 2019
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= {project-name} - Testing Your Application

:toc: macro
:toclevels: 4
:doctype: book
:icons: font
:docinfo1:

:numbered:
:sectnums:
:sectnumlevels: 4


Learn how to test your Quarkus Application.
This guide covers:

* Testing in JVM mode
* Testing in native mode
* Injection of resources into tests
== Prerequisites

To complete this guide, you need:

* less than 15 minutes
* an IDE
* JDK 1.8+ installed with `JAVA_HOME` configured appropriately
* Apache Maven 3.5.3+
* The completed greeter application from the link:getting-started-guide.adoc[Getting Started Guide]

== Architecture

In this guide, we expand on the initial test that was created as part of the Getting Started Guide.
We cover injection into tests and also how to test native images.

== Solution

We recommend that you follow the instructions in the next sections and create the application step by step.
However, you can go right to the completed example.

Clone the Git repository: `git clone {quickstarts-clone-url}`, or download an {quickstarts-archive-url}[archive].

The solution is located in the `getting-started-testing` directory.

This guide assumes you already have the completed application from the `getting-started` directory.

== Recap of HTTP based Testing in JVM mode

If you have started from the Getting Started example you should already have a completed test, including the correct
`pom.xml` setup.

In the `pom.xml` file you should see 2 test dependencies:

[source,xml,subs=attributes+]
----
<dependency>
<groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
<artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
<version>${quarkus.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>{restassured-version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
----

`quarkus-junit5` is required for testing, as it provides the `@QuarkusTest` annotation that controls the testing framework.
`rest-assured` is not required but is a convenient way to test HTTP endpoints, we also provide integration that automatically
sets the correct URL so no configuration is required.

Because we are using JUnit 5, the version of the https://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/[Surefire Maven Plugin]
must be set, as the default version does not support Junit 5:

[source,xml,subs=attributes+]
----
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${surefire.version}</version>
<configuration>
<systemProperties>
<java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
</systemProperties>
</configuration>
</plugin>
----

We also set the `java.util.logging` system property to make sure tests will use the correct logmanager.

The project should also contain a simple test:

[source,java]
----
package org.acme.quickstart;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.util.UUID;
import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
@QuarkusTest
public class GreetingResourceTest {
@Test
public void testHelloEndpoint() {
given()
.when().get("/hello")
.then()
.statusCode(200)
.body(is("hello"));
}
@Test
public void testGreetingEndpoint() {
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
given()
.pathParam("name", uuid)
.when().get("/hello/greeting/{name}")
.then()
.statusCode(200)
.body(is("hello " + uuid));
}
}
----

This test uses HTTP to directly test our REST endpoint. When the test is run the application will be started before
the test is run.

=== Controlling the test port

While Quarkus will listen on port `8080` by default when running tests it defaults to `8081`. This allows you to run
tests while having the application running in parallel. This can be configured via the `quarkus.http.test-port`
config property in `application.properties`.

Quarkus also provides Restassured integration that updates the default port used by Restassured before the tests are run,
so no additional configuration should be required.

=== Injecting a URI

It is also possible to directly inject the URL into the test which can make is easy to use a different client. This is
done via the `@TestHTTPResource` annotation.

Lets write a simple test that shows this off to load some static resources. First create a simple HTML file in
`src/main/resources/META-INF/resources/index.html` :


[source,xml]
----
<html>
<head>
<title>Testing Guide</title>
</head>
<body>
Information about testing
</body>
</html>
----

We will create a simple test to ensure that this is being served correctly:


[source,java]
----
package org.acme.quickstart;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import io.quarkus.test.common.http.TestHTTPResource;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
@QuarkusTest
public class StaticContentTest {
@TestHTTPResource("index.html") // <1>
URL url;
@Test
public void testIndexHtml() throws Exception {
try (InputStream in = url.openStream()) {
String contents = readStream(in);
Assertions.assertTrue(contents.contains("<title>Testing Guide</title>"));
}
}
private static String readStream(InputStream in) throws IOException {
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
int r;
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while ((r = in.read(data)) > 0) {
out.write(data, 0, r);
}
return new String(out.toByteArray(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
}
----
<1> This annotation allows you to directly inject the URL of the Quarkus instance, the value of the annotation will be the path component of the URL

For now `@TestHTTPResource` allows you to inject `URI`, `URL` and `String` representations of the URL.


== Injection into tests

So far we have only covered integration style tests that test the app via HTTP endpoints, but what if we want to do unit
testing and test our beans directly?

Quarkus supports this by allowing you to inject CDI beans into your tests via the `@Inject` annotation. Lets create a
simple test that tests the greeting service directly without using HTTP:


[source,java]
----
package org.acme.quickstart;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
@QuarkusTest
public class GreetingServiceTest {
@Inject //<1>
GreetingService service;
@Test
public void testGreetingService() {
Assertions.assertEquals("hello Quarkus", service.greeting("Quarkus"));
}
}
----
<1> The `GreetingService` bean will be injected into the test


== Native Image Testing

It is also possible to test native images using `@SubstrateTest`. This supports all the features mentioned in this
guide except injecting into tests (and the native image runs in a separate non-JVM process this is not really possible).


This is covered in the link:building-native-image-guide.html[Native Image Guide].

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