lasR

R Package for Fast Airborne LiDAR Data Processing

The lasR package (pronounced "laser") is an R package designed to provide a platform to share efficient implementation of tools designed with the lidR package. It enables the creation and execution of complex processing pipelines on massive lidar data. It can read and write .las and .laz files, compute metrics using an area-based approach, generate digital canopy models, segment individual trees, thin point data, and process collections of files using multicore processing. lasR offers a range of tools to process massive volumes of lidar data efficiently in a production environment after the R&D phase with lidR.

• 📖 Start with the tutorial to learn how to use lasR.
• 💻 Install lasR in R with: install.packages('lasR', repos = 'https://r-lidar.r-universe.dev').
• 💵 Sponsor lasR. It is free and open source, but requires time and effort to develop and maintain.

lasR is not intended to replace the lidR package. While lidR is tailored for academic research, lasR focuses on production scenarios, offering significantly higher efficiency compared to lidR. For more details, see the comparison.

Installation

There are no current plans to release lasR on CRAN. Instead, it is hosted on r-universe:

install.packages('lasR', repos = 'https://r-lidar.r-universe.dev')

Since lasR is not available on CRAN, users cannot rely on the CRAN versioning system or the RStudio update button to get the latest version. Instead, when lasR is loaded with library(lasR), an internal routine checks for the latest version and notifies the user if an update is available. This approach allows for more frequent updates, ensuring users have access to the newest features and bug fixes without waiting for a formal release cycle.

library(lasR)
#> lasR 0.1.3 is now available. You are using 0.1.1
#> install.packages('lasR', repos = 'https://r-lidar.r-universe.dev')

Example

Here is a simple example of how to classify outliers before to produce a Digital Surface Model (DSM) and a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from a folder containing airborne LiDAR point clouds. For more examples see the tutorial.

library(lasR)
folder = "/folder/of/laz/tiles/"
pipeline = classify_with_sor() + delete_noise() + chm(1) + dtm(1)
exec(pipeline, on = folder, ncores = 16, progress = T)

Main Differences with lidR

The following benchmark compares the time and RAM usage of lasR and lidR for producing a Digital Terrain Model (DTM), a Canopy Height Model (CHM), and a raster containing two metrics derived from elevation (Z) and intensity. The test was conducted on 120 million points stored in 4 LAZ files. For more details, check out the benchmark vignette.

• Pipelines: lasR introduces pipelines to optimally chain multiple operations on a point cloud, a feature not available in lidR.
• Algorithm Efficiency: lasR uses more powerful algorithms designed for speed and efficiency.
• Language and Performance: Entirely written in C/C++, lasR has no R code except for the API interface. This makes it highly optimized for performance.
• Memory Usage: Unlike lidR, which loads the point cloud into an R data.frame, lasR stores point clouds in a C++ structure that is not exposed to the user, minimizing memory usage.
• Dependencies: lasR has a single strong dependency on gdal. If sf and terra are installed, the user experience is enhanced, but they are not mandatory.

For more details, see the relevant vignette.

Copyright Information

lasR is free and open source and relies on other free and open source tools.

• For lasR:
  • © 2023-2024 Jean-Romain Roussel
  • Provided under GPL-3 license.
• For LASlib and LASzip:
  • © 2007-2021 Martin Isenburg - http://rapidlasso.com
  • Provided under LGPL license and modified to be R-compliant by Jean-Romain Roussel.
• For chm_prep:
  • © 2008-2023 Benoît St-Onge - Geophoton-inc/chm_prep
  • Provided under GPL-3 license.
• For json parser:
  • Lohmann, N. (2023). JSON for Modern C++ (Version 3.11.3) [Computer software]. https://github.com/nlohmann
  • Provided under MIT license
• For delaunator:
  • © 2018 Volodymyr Bilonenko. delfrrr/delaunator-cpp
  • Provided under MIT license
• For Armadillo:
  • © 2008-2024 Conrad Sanderson (https://conradsanderson.id.au)
  • © 2008-2016 National ICT Australia (NICTA)
  • © 2017-2024 Data61 / CSIRO
  • Provided under Apache license
• For Cloth Simulation Filter (CSF)
  • © 2017 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Science and Engineering, Beijing Normal University
  • Provided under Apache License
  • W. Zhang, J. Qi, P. Wan, H. Wang, D. Xie, X. Wang, and G. Yan, “An Easy-to-Use Airborne LiDAR Data Filtering Method Based on Cloth Simulation,” Remote Sens., vol. 8, no. 6, p. 501, 2016.

About

lasR is developed openly by r-lidar.

The initial development of lasR was made possible through the financial support of Laval University. To continue the development of this free software, we now offer consulting, programming, and training services. For more information, please visit our website.

Install dependencies on GNU/Linux

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev libgeos-dev libproj-dev